m.1. Nicholas, Esq. geb. c. 1400, oorl. c. 1485 x 1431/2 met Isabella TUNSTALL, geb. c. 1414, Thurland Castle, Lancashire,
Engeland, testament,
01/03/1492, proved
at York on the 21st of the same month, begr. St Michael and
All Angels Churchyard, Thornhill,,
Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England, d.v. William Tunstall van Thurland en Anne Parr.
Nicholas was die seun van Nicholas Wortley en Elizabeth Waterton.
(Foster,
Joseph: Pedigrees of the County Families
of Yorkshire, Vol. 2, West Riding. London. 1874)
Konflik het gevolg uit die Honderdjarige oorlog en
die swak regering van Henry V. Koning Henry VI, (r.1422-1461)
en weer vanaf (r.1470-1471). Die
Wars of the Roses was 'n reeks
dinastiese oorloë vir die troon van Engeland. Dit was geveg deur die ondersteuners van wedywerende
takke van die royal House van
Plantagenet, die huise van Lancaster en York. Die gevegte het hoofsaaklik
tussen 1455 en 1487 plaasgevind, maar daar was ook gevegte voor en na hierdie
tydperk. Dit het vir Richard, Duke of
York aangemoedig om die troon te eis. York
is in 1460 vermoor en sy seun Edward IV (r.1461-1483) het hom opgevolg. Hy was opgevolg deur sy 12 jarige seun Edward
V (nooit gekroon) en daarna deur sy broer Richard III (r.1483-1485). Die finale oorwinning is deur die Lancastrian,
Henry Tudor, behaal, wat die laaste Yorkse koning Richard III, by die Slag van Bosworth Field verslaan het. Edward IV and Richard III both made a
point of hearing cases in the King's Bench, to revive the symbolism of the
monarch as righteous judge, but they were the last monarchs to do so. It was also considered desirable for the
courts to sit in the most public and accessible part of the Palace. http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/westminsterhall/government-and-administration/later-law-courts/ As the King's
throne remained permanently in Westminster Hall, it emphasised the source of
the courts' authority, especially in the case of the King's Bench.
(http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/westminsterhall/government-and-administration/later-law-courts/)
Nicholas trou 1431/2 met Isabella Tunstall.
Dodworth's
Yorkshire Notes - The Wapentake of Agbrigg (1884)
At the date of the Norman Conquest (1066) Tunstall was one of the manors in
Bentham held by Chetel. In the following century it was included in the Hornby
fee held by the Montbegon family who granted a moiety of the lordship of
Tunstall to a family, using the local name, who fixed their residence in
Tunstall Hall but subsequently changed it to Cantsfield. The other moiety
appears to have been in the hands of a family of de Hornby.
Later this moiety was acquired by the Tunstalls of Thurland who thus became
lords of the whole manor. William de
Tunstall III who succeeded was a minor in 1315, when his wardship was claimed
by John, son of Robert de Harrington, and he came of age in 1328 when the Abbot
of Croxton claimed a debt of 20 marks from him, in which suit he was described
as William son of John son of John. He left a son and heir: William de Tunstall
IV who was in possession of the estates in 1359, when a John de Tunstall made a
claim against him. He acquired the manors of Over Burrow, Nether Burrow and
part of that of Leck in 1370 and obtained a charter of free-warren in his
demesne lands in Tunstall, Cantsfield, Burrow, Leck and Newton in 1376. He was
knight of the shire in 1384, died in 1387 and his wife Katherine is named in
the licence given to his son for founding a chantry in Thurland Castle. His
wife Isabel was the wife of Sir Nicholas Harrington. In 1402 he had licence to
crenellate his house of Thurland (Thurland Castle) and to enclose 1,000 acres.
In 1413 he obtained the wardship of the heir of John de Parr of Kendal, a
Thomas de Parr, to whom he married his daughter Alice. He died in 1415. His family consisted of
William, Thomas, Katherine, who married Sir John Pennington, and Alice Tunstall
who married Sir Thomas de Parr of Kendal. William Tunstall V had a wife (said
to have been a daughter of Parr, in Harleian MS. 1549). He had an only child,
Isabel, who in 1432 contracted to marry Sir Nicholas Wortley, of Wortley,
Yorkshire. Sir Thomas Tunstall, knight succeeded as heir to his brother
William. Before the year 1400 he, or his father had obtained the mesne lordship
of the fourth part of the manor of Kirkby Lonsdale. It remained in the Tunstall
family until Francis Tunstall, about 1605, sold his Lancashire and Westmorland
estates before leaving Thurland. (Col. W.H. Chippindall's history of the
parish of Tunstall: (quotation excerpts, pages 1-25) Tunstall,
(Durham; and Thurland, Yorks, 4th Edw. III) sa three combs ar. Two
nd one, crest, a cock ar. Combed, wattled and legged or; in the mouth a scroll, with the motto,
Droit. (Robson, Thomas: The British
herald; or, Cabinet of armorial bearings of the nobility & gentry of Great
Britain & Ireland. Vol II. 1850)
(Foster,
Joseph, Hon. M.A. Oxon: Some feudal
coats of arms, London, 1902)
Margaret, bef 1438 sister of Sir Thomas Wortley married in
1460 to John More of More hall in Bradfield, s.v. Thomas More of More hall and
Margaret (21 Hen VII) (Hallamshire: The History and Topography of the
Parish of Sheffield : with ... By Joseph Hunter.) This marriage is cited by antiquarian Joseph
Hunter as taken from a Visitation of the More family in Burghope, Herefordshire
in 1634 but is not corroborated by pedigrees of the Wortley family. Children: Thomas
MORE ( - ); George MORE ( - ); Margaret MORE (bef1492-1557).
Daar was ten minste vier en twintig ridders in die West Riding in 1400, maar
in 1430 was daar slegs twaalf. 'n Paar
ridderlike families het in die manlike lyn uitgesterf gedurende die periode.
West Riding Distrainees, 1410-1465.
Distrainees =
Eligible knights. Distrainees were
identified not as holders of knights’s fees but as holders of lands worth a
certain amount, in case estates worth twenty pounds per annum. (For
Honour and Fame: Chivalry in England, 1066-1500
By Nigel Saul)
John Wortley Wortley 1410
Nicholas Wortley
Wortley 1439, 1457,
1458, 1465
Richard Wortley
Wortley 1465
(Punshon, Mark
Christopher: Government and political
society in the West Riding of Yorkshire 1399 – 1461. Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philoosophy.
The university of York. Department of history. Aug 2002.)
1433/34: Bond: William Randalph of Horncastell bound to Nicholas Wortley Sen and Nicholas Wortley Jun in 6 marks. (Savile of Rufford: Deeds and Estate Papers – The National archives)
1440/41: Bond: Nicholas Wortley Sen Esq and Nicholas Wortley Jun bound to Ralph Lord Cromwell in £200. (Savile of Rufford: Deeds and Estate Papers – The National archives)
1444. Sept. 21: 23 Henry VI grant by William Brodelegh son of John Brodelegh, to Nicholas Worteley, Esq., James Wodehous, and John Risschworth of Hymyseworth, of all the same premises; (Clay, Charles Travis: Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 5. P 137)
Die eerlike Yeomans van Edward III se tyd is gedemoraliseer deur die langdurige en sombere Honderdjarige Oorlog van 1337-1453 en het in professionele huursoldate verander. Aan die einde van hierdie oorlog, is duisende booswigte in Engeland losgelaat. Terselfdertyd het die mag van feodalisme gekonsentreer geraak in die hande van 'n paar groot lords, wat ryk genoeg en sterk genoeg was om koning-makers te word. (Lancastrianhttp://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/warsoftheroses.htm) In Augustus 1453 het koning Henry VI 'n katastrofiese geestelike ineenstorting gehad. Richard 3rd duke of York het die county as Lord Protector regeer gedurende Henry VI se waansin.
Toe konflik tussen die dukes gedurende die Wars of the Roses (1455-1487) ontstaan het, het baie van die gevegte in Yorkshire, waar hulle landgoedere ineengeskakel en verbind was, plaasgevind. Die leading families in die Oos- en Wes-Ridings het die Huis van Lancaster oorweldigend ondersteun, maar in die North Riding was die lojaliteit verdeel. Die Nevilles van Sheriff Hutton en Middleham, die Scropes van Bolton, die Latimers van Danby en Snape en die Mowbrays van Thirsk en Burton in Lonsdale het die House of York ondersteun. Die Nevelles se grootste mededingers, die Percies, saam met die Cliffords van Skipton, Ros van Helmsley, Greystock van Hinderskelfe, Stafford van Holderness en Talbot van Sheffield het vir die Lancastrians geveg. John of Gaunt, 1ste Hertog van Lancaster het invloed oor baie mense in die noorde van Engeland gehad en Yorkshiremen het onder sy bevel in die Honderdjarige Oorlog geveg. Die ontbinde huursoldate van die Honderdjarige Oorlog het aan enige kant aangesluit, en het voortgegaan met die slegte gewoontes van die Franse oorloë deur die platteland te plunder, met moord en geweld, waar hulle ook al gegaan het. (Lancastrian http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/warsoftheroses.htm)
Map of the Wars of the Roses. (http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/rosesmap2.jpg)
“In that pleasant district of merry England which is watered by the river Don, there extended in ancient times a large forest, covering the greater part of the beautiful hills and valleys which lie between Sheffield and the pleasant town of Doncaster. The remains of this extensive wood are still to be seen at the noble seats of Wentworth, of Warncliffe Park, and around Rotherham. Here were fought many of the most desperate battles during the Civil Wars of the Roses(1455 – 1487); and here also flourished in ancient times those bands of gallant outlaws, whose deeds have been rendered so popular in English song.” (Walter Scott, Ivanhoe. (andyhemingwat.wordpress.com)
1454, The manor of Newhall: Indenture: Lease: Nicholas Wortlay [Wortley] Esq of Newhall in Sitlington and Isabella his wife with consent of John Banester tenant, to John Catlyn, mason, tenement and lands in manor of Newhall and Miggelay at 4 marks p.a. for 40 years. [TNA DD/SR/209/88 1454] (http://midgleywebpages.com/new hall.html)
1456. June 20. 34 Henry VI.
Grant by Richard Pek son of John Pek of Southourom to Nicholas
Worteley, esq., Thomas Wylkynson, vicar of Halyfax, John Sayvill of Copley,
John Ryshworth of Coldeley, and John Stansfeld, of all the messuages, lands and
tenements, meadows, woods, pastures, rents and services, which he lately had of
the grant and feoffment of the said Nicholas together with James Wodhous and
John Ryshworth of Hymmysworth. (Clay, Charles Travis ed.: Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 5. P. 138)
Die verband is vermoedelik afbetaal en Worteley,
Wodehous, en Risschworth vir wie Brodelegh voorheen enfeoffed het, het die perseel aan Pek, toegestaan soos uiteengesit
in die volgende akte. (Clay, Charles
Travis ed.: Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 5. P.
138)
1458-9. Jan,
4. Grant
by Nicholas Worteley esq., Thomas Wylkynson, vicar of Halifax, John Sayvyll of
Coplay, John Rysshworth of Coldley, and John Stansfeld, to Thomas Neylson,
citizen and merchant of York of all the messuages, lands and tenements,
meadows, woods, pastures, rents and services, which they lately had jointly of
the grant and feoffment of Richard Pek younger son of John Pek, in the vill and
territory of Southourom, and which formerly belonged to William Brodeleih of
Shepedeyn. (Clay, Charles Travis
ed.: Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 5. P.139)
Darfield Deed 1462: Settlement by William Norton
of Bylburgh (Bilbrough) to Nicholas Wortlay, Robert Nevill, John Wodrove,
Thomas Everingam, esqs., and John Nevill of Leversege (Liversedge) of his manor
of Newhall with all his lands etc in Derfeld (Darfield), Wombuelhill
(Wombwell), Edyrthorp (Edderthorpe), Mylnhous (Millhouses) and Midylwood
(Middlewood) formerly the property of John Bosewell father of William Bosewell,
with a piece of land called Elyntreflatt at Ederslay (Ardsley), for the lives
of Henry Langton and Isabella his wife, and after their deaths, the manor etc.
to go to Edward fitz William, Robert Roclyff, John Dawnay and John Bosewell, clerk,
in fee simple. Witnesses; John Sotell, esq., Adamer Burdhed, Thomas Ann,
Richard Syms, William Taillor, etc. Dated 20 August 1462. (ref. SY 293/Z/4/1)
26
September 1469: Grant by Alexander Drax, son and heir of Robert Drax to Thomas Wortley,
son and heir of Nicholas Wortley,
esquire, Joh Woderove, Henry Sothill, Thomas Everyngam, Nicholas
Mounteney, Robert Barneby, esquires, Sir William de Barneby, vicar of a mediety
of the church of Darfeld, and John Lake, their heirs and assigns, of the manor
of Wodehalle with all the appurtenances exept the advowson of a mediety of a
church of Darfeld. He also granted to the same parties all other his lands,
tenements, rents and services with all the appurtenances, which he has in the
vills of Wodehall, Darffeld, Wombwell, Worsburgth and Ardyslay, together with
the reversion of his manor of Collone, with their appurtenances, and of all
other his lands and tenements in Crome, Wodehall and Darffeld… Dated at
Wodehall, 9 Edw. IV. (Abstracts of the Chartularies of the Priory of
Monkbretton edited by John William
Walker)
Dit wil voorkom asof die militêre veldtogte van die laat 1450s en vroeë
1460's bygedra het tot die herlewing van ridderskap. 'n Paar esquires
uit die Riding het ridderskap ontvang na die slag van Wakefield op 30 Desember
1460, waartydens Richard of York dood is en sy seun Edward IV (r.1461-1470) hom
opgevolg het. Teen 1461 was daar
ongeveer twintig ridders in die Riding.
Wortley
Village Yorks W.R. 132 Sir J.
Wortley of W. > Sir Thos (eldest son GLOS.
By ‘82
YKS W.R. 132 Wortley
of Wortley Sir John (Father
YKS W.R. 132 Wortley
of Wortley Sir Thos. (eldest son) GLOS (prob by 1482
(Jones, Michael Ryan, Dr.: Wars of the Roses. A Gazetteer- Part. 2)
1470. Henry VI is restored to the throne of
England by Richard Nevill, earl of Warwick, the “kingmaker” Edward IV regeer weer van 11 April 1471 tot
sy dood in 1483.
1475.
Alhoewel die Honderdjarige oorlog amptelik oor was in 1453 was Engeland
en Frankryk steeds formally at war
vir die volgende 20 jaar. Payments of one quarter's wages to sir John
Ferrers, Walter Hungerforde, sir John Maulyverer, and 102 others, engaged to
serve the K. in the war with France. O.
xi. 844. H. v. p. iii. 56. Nicholao
Wortley pro uno Homine ad Arma & pro ij Sagittariis, xjl. vijs. vjd. (Rymer, Thomas, ed.: 'Rymer's Foedera with Syllabus:
January-February 1475', in Rymer's Foedera Volume 11, (London, 1739-1745), pp.
842-852)
John Cutler, who resided at Wortley in Yorkshire, with his kinsman, Sir Nicholas Wortley, was standard bearer (vaandeldraers) in the wars of the Roses (1455-1487). (Burke, John: A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great ..., Volume 4) John Cutler, thought to originate from the Midlands, was a standard bearer for Sir Nicholas Wortley during the Wars of the Roses in the late 1400’s. Following the Wars he returned to the district with Sir Nicholas and became a tenant farmer at Rockley Old Hall, Worsbrough. (http://www.silkstonereflects.co.uk/PDF/Cutler%20Booklet-2%20Paul.pdf)
1485/86: Appointment of attorney: Nicholas Wortley, son of Nicholas Wortley Esq, and Isabella his wife appoint John Skyres to receive seizin of 1 messuage in Bough and 1 messuage in Shefeld. (Nottinghamshire Archives)
Daar bestaan nie baie inligting oor die kerk van Wortley gedurende die
jare 1318 en 1600 nie. In the will of Nicholas de Wortley in 1485
there is a bequest of 20 shillings for „ fábricae Ecc/es: de Wortley “- to the
building of the Church of Wortley — which can be assumed to mean a grant to the
“Repair Fund” of the church. (St.
Leonard’s Wortley church, Wortley)
Isabel Tunstall het haar man oorleef en op 1 Maart 1491-2 maak sy haar
testament op Newhall which was proved at
York on the 21st of the same month en vra om in die kerk van St. Michael op
Thornhill begrawe te word. Sy laat aan
haar seun Nicholas (die jonger broer van Sir Thomas 10/. Aan Ralph Barnby, haar kneg, 10 mark. Aan Joan Eland en Thomas Store, haar knegte
en Peter Eameher chaplain, elk 20s. Die
res gaan aan Thomas Wortley, haar seun en eksekuteur. (Full text of "Testamenta eboracensia;
or, Wills registered at York, illustrative of the history, manners, language,
statistics, &c., of the province of York, from the year 1300
downwards")
Kinders:
n.1. Effame, geb. 1432 in Wortley, Yorks, Engeland; x 1453 met Thomas COPLEY; geb. c. 1428 in Doncaster, Yorkshire, Engeland, oorl. c. 1453, Doncaster, Yorkshire, England, s.v. Sir Richard de Copley of Batley en Elizabeth Harington.
n.2. Thomas, geb. 1433, iWortley, Yorkshire, England, oorl. 08/08/1514, begr. Hemsworth, x 31/03/1463 met Catherine FITZWILLIAM, geb. c. 1447, oorl. 1474, d.v. Sir William Fitzwilliam van Sprotborough and Emley en Elizabeth Chaworth, xx 04/06/1479 met Joan BALDERSTON, d.v. William Balderston of Balderston, Lancashire en Margaret Stanley, xxx 23/05/1491 met Elizabeth FITZWILLIAM, d.v. Sir Richard Fitzwilliam of Aldwark en Elizabeth Clarell.
n.3. John, geb. 1435, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland.
n.4. Robert, geb. 1437, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland.
n.5. Nicholas, Esq. geb. c. 1439, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland, oorl. 25/12/1492, begr. Parish church South Kirkby x 10/01/1485/6 (by dispensation) met Isabel OSBALDESTON, geb. 1464; d.v. John Osbaldeston (1427-1475) en Elizabeth Balderstone 1431 -) Kind: Nicholas.
n.6. Jane, geb. c. 1441, Wortley, Yorkshire, England, oorl voor 1480, trou c. 1468, Wortley, met Sir Richard WOODRUFF, geb. c. 1436, Woolley, Yorkshire, Engeland, oorl. 1522, Sheriff of York, s.v. John Woodruffe en Elizabeth Hammerton;
n.6. Jane, geb. c. 1441, Wortley, Yorkshire, England, oorl voor 1480, trou c. 1468, Wortley, met Sir Richard WOODRUFF, geb. c. 1436, Woolley, Yorkshire, Engeland, oorl. 1522, Sheriff of York, s.v. John Woodruffe en Elizabeth Hammerton;
n.7. Muriel, geb. 1443, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland x Peter FRECHEVILLE,
of Staveley.
n.8. Elizabeth, geb. 1445, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland x John BOSVILE of Ardsley & Newhall Yorkshire, s.v. Thomas Bosvile & Isabel Hastinges of Fenwyke.
n.9. Joan, geb. 1447, Wortley, Yorkshire x 1456 met Alexander DRAX, 1427-1501, s.v. Robert Drakes en Elnor Rockley of Rockley.
n.10. Isabel, geb. 1449, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland x Robert MOUNTENEY of Cowley.
n.11. Cecily, geb. 1451, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland x Mr. EYRE of Padley.
