u.2. Edward, geb. 08/02/1678, of Wortley, Tankersley, Yorkshire, oorl.
01/01/1761, begr. St. Leonard's Churchyard, Wortley, Metropolitan Borough of
Barnsley, South Yorkshire, Engeland x 1712 met Lady
Mary PIERREPOINT, geb. 15/05/1689, Home
Pierrepont, Rushcliffe Borough, Nottinghamshire, England, oorl. 21/08/1762, Mayfair,
City of Westminster, Greater London, Engeland, begr. Grosvenor
Chapel, Mayfair, City of Westminster, Greater London, Engeland, vault, memorial
on chapel wall, d.v. Evelyn Pierrepoint, Duke
of Kingston en Mary Feilding.
Edward was die seun van Sidney Montague en Anne Newcomen.
(Foster, Joseph:.Pedigrees of the County Families of Yorkshire, Vol. 2, West Riding. London: 1874)
2nd
son and heir of his father, one of the lords commissioners of the Treasury, and
ambassador to the Porte.
Sir Edward Wortley Montagu is opgelei by Westminster School, Trinity College, Cambridge (1693) en opgelei in die regte by die Middle Temple (1693). Hy is in 1699 tot die bar beroep en het in 1706 die Inner Temple binnegegaan.
The second son of Sidney Montagu's marriage was Edward Wortley Montagu, to whom attaches an interesting and romantic story. His elder brother died during the lifetime of their father and Mr. Wortley is presented to us, in his youth, as a fine scholar, with strong literary tastes, and a cool, calculating brain, which served him in good stead, both in private and public life. (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt) Later in sy volwassenheid het hy 'n vriend van beide Addison en Steele geword, waaraan beweer word dat hy 'n mate van sy genialiteit te danke het. That he became the very intimate friend of both Addison and Steele, is a sufficient testimony to his intellectual culture. (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt)Edward Wortley Montagu, ambassador in Constantinople 1716-1718. Painted 1730 by John Vanderbank. Photo Credit: Government Art Collection.
Mary Pierrepoint was 'n Engelse aristokraat, skrywer en digter. Sy is in 1689 gebore en het haar vroeë lewe in Engeland deurgebring.
Sy is aan die Wortley-gesin voorgestel deur 'n aandete wat mev. Anne Wortley bygewoon het. Die twee het gekorrespondeer deur briewe te skryf en vir etlike jare saam tee te drink, maar baie van die briewe was 'n dekmantel vir die verhouding wat tussen Lady Mary en Edward Wortley Montagu gegroei het nadat hulle ontmoet het by een van die teepartye wat Lady Mary in Wortley Hall bygewoon het. At the age of twenty-two, he met for the first time,
at the tea table of his sister, a young lady who was only fourteen years old, a
daughter of the Marquis of Dorchester, afterwards Duke of Kingston but who,
notwithstanding her early girlhood, fixed his attention and interest, and became
the loadstar, whether for happiness or otherwise, of his long protracted life.
This child, if we may so speak of her, was singularly precocious. She had
already gained a reputation for learning far beyond what ladies of her day were
commonly taught. She was deeply read in the old romances then popular, but
which are never looked at now and, by indefatigable labour and a strong memory,
she had acquired in private study, such a knowledge of the Latin language as enabled
her to appreciate the classical authors. (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt)
Sy het aangetrokke geraak tot Edward. So remarkable a student was at once irresistibly
attrac\ive to the temperament and taste of Wortley Montagu and he became the
" guide, philosopher, and friend " in her ardent pursuit of hterary
and scholastic attainments. On the evening of their first meeting, she had
perceived that Mr. Wortley's particular attention was drawn to herself (a dangerous
discovery, perhaps, for so romantic a young lady) and, as her intimacy ripened
with his two sisters (with one of whom — Mrs. Anne Wortley — she afterwards corresponded
unreservedly for several years), it soon occurred that the letters written to
her by a female hand were the studied communications of the fascinated brother.
All this while, Mary Pierrepoint was prematurely thrust by her widowed father
into the society of her elders, for the gratification of his paternal pride in
her beauty and talents, which only tended to efface the bloom of youthful
feeling from her own nature, and make her the spoilt idol of fashionable life.
The vidfim of this mistaken upbringing wrote, in one of her later letters, that
"to vanity and credulity all the pleasures of life were owing," a
sentiment which seems partially to explain the unsatisfactoriness of her
subsequent career. The aid and guidance of her tutor, communicated through
letters, or at occasional interviews, gradually rose into the courtship of a
permitted suitor and so we find, in the
correspondence of Mrs. Ann Wortley and Lady Mary Pierrepoint, an exchange of
compliments and expressions of devotion (always veiled under grandisonian language)
which could only pass between two lovers. What the one wrote was intended for
the brother, and what the other put on paper in reply was dictated by him. Like
the whole correspondence of this remarkable heroine, every letter of Lady Mary
smells of the lamp of the study — a tone of some- what ostentatious scholarship
is perceptible even in the wit and force of her most familiar outpourings.
These measured utterances, the result of a literary training, drew more upon
the brain than the heart and the colder temperament of Wortley Montagu, in his dominion
over his pupil's affections, rendered her character more artificial than it
would otherwise have been. The romance of the lives of this singular couple was
more that of the stage than of nature and truth. (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt)
Hul verhouding het in die geheim gegroei en het openlik voortgegaan nadat Anne Wortley gesterf het. Mrs. Anne Wortley died when her young friend was
about twenty and then Mr. Wortley, three years before he married, began to
write his own loveletters, and was personally addressed in return. Even after
their communication became thus direct, and there was no reserve in admitting a
mutual attachment, the lady's letters were still redolent of headwork. They
betrayed no joyous flow of sentiment, testifying that she was at ease in the confidence
of being the object of warm affection but even in the anticipation of an early
union, they assumed a very business-like shape. And yet we are told that "
all her letters were written without study, and sent forth without revision. (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt)
Lady Mary se pa, Lord Dorchester, is geraadpleeg oor 'n huwelik tussen die twee en hy het op sekere voorwaardes ingestem. Edward sal sy eiendom op enige toekomstige oudste seun moet vestig. Edward het geweier om dit te doen en het haar pa genoeg kwaad gemaak sodat hy die huwelik verbied het en lady Mary beveel het om met iemand van sy keuse te trou wat meer aan sy versoeke sou voldoen. " As such, they are indeed marvellous productions.
Lord Dorchester, when consulted, accepted Mr. Wortley as a husband for his
daughter, but on the condition that he settled his property on any future
eldest son. To this proposal the suitor would not agree and Lady Mary bowed to
his reasoning on the point but she properly stipulated for a settlement in case
of her own widowhood. Her father was inexorable, forbade the marriage, and commanded
his daughter to prepare for a more compliant suitor. To this she would not
assent and the only alternative was an elopement, which must have taken place
about August, 1712, as the marriage license is dated the 16th of that month.
The lady's father was highly incensed at this step, and for some years refused
his forgiveness, as well as any fortune to the fugitive, so that, for their condition,
the young couple were poor and the lady lived much in the country, whilst her
husband sought political employment in
the capital. During the year after their marriage their only son was born, at
what place is not known — certainly not at Wharncliffe. (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt)
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Painted 1718, attributed to Jonathan Richardson the Elder. Photo Credit: Museums Sheffield.
Edward was 'n prominente Whig-politikus en was LP vir Huntingdon voordat hy uiteindelik 'n Lord Commissioner of the Treasury van 1714 tot 1715 geword het.
Hy het Ambassadeur van die Ottomaanse Ryk geraak en as verteenwoordiger van die Levant Company verkies op die benoeming van Koning George I op 10 Mei 1716. Hy het op 13 Maart 1717 saam met sy vrou by Adrianopel (nou bekend as Edirne) aangekom. As Ambassadeur was hy belas met die voortsetting van die onderhandelinge tussen die Ottomane en die Habsburgse Ryk. Onsuksesvol in sy posisie is hy nie ambassadeur by die Ottomaanse Porte in Konstantinopel gemaak, voordat hy in Oktober 1717 terruggeroep is nie. Hy het Turkye op 15 Julie 1718 verlaat en vir 'n geruime tyd in die Ooste gereis. Met sy terugkeer na Engeland vanaf Konstantinopel het hy 'n parlementslid vir Huntingdon (1722–1734) en Peterborough (1734 tot sy dood in 1761) gebly. Edward Wortley in making his decision to leave the political realm and travel the Middle East did leave him with no inheritance but showed that the family was interested in more than just military and political affairs. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Lady Mary het by haar man in die Ottomaanse ekskursie aangesluit, waar sy die volgende twee jaar van haar lewe sou deurbring. Gedurende haar tyd daar het Lady Mary breedvoerig geskryf oor haar ervaring as 'n vrou in Ottomaanse Istanbul. Na haar terugkeer na Engeland het Lady Mary haar aandag aan die opvoeding van haar gesin gewy voordat sy in 1762 aan kanker gesterf het. In the following year Mr. Wortley was made one of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, and then his wife appeared at Court and became a great favourite of the king, being the only English lady whom George I admitted amongst his German coterie. In January, 1717, Mr. Wortley was appointed our ambassador at Constantinople, whither his wife and infant son both accompanied him and here was their only other child born, who ultimately became the Countess of Bute, wife of the Prime Minister, and succeeded to the Wortley estates. I have said that Mr. Wortley's income was only small, until he succeeded to his father's estates. the aged father, in his rude lodge at Wharncliffe, whilst rebuilding the hall, four years before his death, which took place in 1761, when he was eighty years old (https://archive.org/stream/wortleywortleysl00gatt/wortleywortleysl00gatt_djvu.txt)
Lady Mary and first
born, Edward, named after her husband Edward Wortley Montagu. Painted c. 1717,
attributed to Jean-Baptiste Vanmour. Photo Credit: National Portrait Gallery,
London.
Mary
Wortley Montagu in 1739Lady Mary Wortley Montagu is een van die meer bekende Wortleys vanweë die groot hoeveelheid poësie en prosa wat sy geskryf het terwyl sy in Konstantinopel gewoon het. Lady Mary word vandag hoofsaaklik onthou vir haar briewe, veral haar Turkse ambassadebriewe wat haar reise na die Ottomaanse Ryk beskryf, as vrou van die Britse ambassadeur in Turkye.
Mary
Wortley Montagu in Turkish dress
Lady
Montagu in Turkish Dress by Jean-Étienne Liotard, c. 1756, Palace on the Water
in Warsaw
Afgesien van haar skryfwerk, is Lady Mary ook bekend daarvoor dat sy na haar terugkeer uit Turkye vir pokke-inenting in Brittanje bekendgestel en bepleit het. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu was die eerste ma in Engeland wat 'n kind teen pokke laat 'ent' het - vermoedelik die eerste in Europa buite die Ottomaanse Ryk. As die vrou van Engeland se ambassadeur in Konstantinopel het sy die praktyk daar waargeneem en het reeds een kind laat ingeënt voordat sy na Engeland teruggekeer het. Die praktyk het behels dat die virus deur 'n sny aan die bo-arm aan die kind bekendgestel word. Beide Lady Mary se kinders het oorleef, en sy het 'n kampvegter vir inenting geword, wat selfs koninklikes oorreed het om ingeënt te word. Die inentings het gewerk en was baie veiliger as natuurlike infeksie. Dit was in 1721, 75 jaar voordat Edward Jenner inenting ontwikkel het, 'n veiliger metode wat dieselfde beginsel gebruik om 'n immuunreaksie uit te lok. (https://historicalnovelsociety.org/reviews/the-pioneering-life-of-mary-wortley-montagu-scientist-and-feminist/)
Willet se biografie dek haar lewe in detail en is fassinerende literatuur. While in
Constantinople, Lady Mary gained her international prestige. Small pox was well
known during this time as being extremely lethal, Lady Mary was herself
diagnosed, and survived though without her eyelashes and with her beauty being
impaired. Because of this, Lady Mary was determined to save her children from
the horrors of the disease. She took her four year old son and gave him the
small pox inoculation in both arms. According to American civil war medical
books, this inoculation consisted of making a small incision in the arm of the
patient of placing a scab of someone infected with the disease into the cut.
Sew it up and wait a few days for it to take. This being similar to
vaccinations today that carry strains of the virus was not always successful so
for Lady Mary to perform this on her own four year old was highly discussed and
looked down upon. Having succeeded in saving her children, she returned to
England two years later to public and medical opposition to the inoculation.
She persisted among many medical communities and her influence led to the
establishment of the vaccine. This left such a lasting impact on the community
that in Lichfield Cathedral there is a female figure in marble leaning on an
urn inscribed:
SACRED TO THE MEMORY OF THE RIGHT HONORABLE LADT MARY WORTLEY
MONTAGU, WHO HAPPILY INTRODUCED, FROM TURKEY, INTO THIS COUNTRY, THE SALUTARY
ART OF INOCULATING THE SMALL-POX. CONVINCED OF ITS EFFICACY AND THEN
RECOMMENDED THE PRACTICE OF IT TO HER FELLOW CITIZENS THUS, BY HER EXAMPLE AND
ADVICE, WE HAVE SOFTENED THE VIRULENCE, AND ESCAPED THE DANGER OF THIS
MALIGNANT DISEASE TO PERPETUATE THE MEMORY OF SUCH BENEVOLENCE AND TO EXPRESS
HER GRATITUDE FOR THE BENEFIT SHE HERSELF RECEIVED FROM THIS ALLEVIATING ART,
THIS MONUMENT IS ERECTED BY HENRIETTA INGE RELICT OF THEODORE WILLIAM INGE,
ESQ., AND DAUGHTER OF SIR JOHN WROTTESLEY, BART., IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD,
MDCCLXXXIX67
Memorial to the Right
Honorable Lady Mary Wortley Montagu showing inscription dedicating small pox
inoculation to her.
The inscription and
statue dedicated to Lady Mary show the lasting impression she made to the world
around her. Not every person gets a memorial made for them, in marble no less.
While Lady Mary did not go to Constantinople with the intention of changing how
society looked at medicine, the decision she made to give her children the
small pox inoculation could have been the moment needed for the medical
community to see that it in fact worked, and that the upper classes were
willing to perform such an invasive procedure on their children. This strategy
to literally keep the family surviving and is a stark contrast to how previous
members of the family kept the name going. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Haar skryfwerke het ook die belemmerende sosiale houdings teenoor vroue en hul intellektuele en sosiale groei aangespreek.
Lady Mary committed
herself to a voluntary exile in 1739 which lasted more than 20 years. Another
reason that has been entertained as to the reason behind her exile was because
of her tensions with the Pope. Several of her writings, those mostly involved
with women’s rights, caused her to be attacked by several high standing
officials within England. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Alexander
Pope declared his love to Lady Mary, who responded with laughter.
In
1743, Edward Wortley Montagu used the advowson of Ordsall Church to install the
rev. Thomas Cockshutt II as the vicar of Ordsall, East Retford. Thomas would
become the vicar general to the Canons of Southwell Minster. (https://www.topforge.co.uk/wortley-people-in-history/)
Van 1757 tot 1761 het Edward Wortley Montagu, Wortley Hall opgeknap en die Oosvleuel bygevoeg. Met sy dood het hy die Hall en 'n groot fortuin aan sy dogter Mary nagelaat, nadat hy in 1755 sy seun Edward met slegs 'n klein toelaag afgesny het. Mary was getroud met die toekomstige Eerste Minister, John Stuart, 3rd
Earl of Bute.
Die volgende monumente van die familie is in St Leonards kerk in Wortley.
Edward Wortley Montagu.
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/175490029/edward-wortley_montagu
Mary Wortley Montagu
Kinders:
v.2. Mary WORTLEY MONTAGU, geb. 19/01/1718, Contantinople, oorl. 06/11/1794, Isleworth, Middlesex, begr. St.
Leonard's Churchyard, Wortley x 24/08/1736 met John STUART, geb. 25/05/1713, Parliament Close, Edinburgh, oorl. 10/03/1792, 3rd Earl of Bute, oorl. 10/03/1792, South Audley Street, Grosvenor Square, Westminster, begr. Rothesay on the Isle of Bute, s.v. James Stuart, 2nd Earl of Bute en Lady Anne Campbell.
