Landed
property was die grondslag van die sosiale
hierargie in Engeland. Landgoede het ‘n groot deel van die land se
welvaard verseker en het ook werk aan die grootste deel van die arbeidsmag
voorsien. Eiendom was 'n bron van aansien en daarom die sleutel tot
status. Eienaars van grond was aan die bopunt van die sosiale leer en
hulle het ook politieke mag gehad. Landgoede het met die eeue vergroot en
die hoeveelheid landgoede was beperk en baie duur. Daar was groot
mededinging onder die rykes om (1) grond te koop (of by te voeg) by hulle
landgoede; en (2) om hulle landgoede ongeskonde te hou. Hulle het die
beginsel van eersgeboortereg, of erfenis van die eiendom deur die oudste seun
toegepas. Jonger seuns en dogters kon 'n enkelbedrag van geld of 'n annuïteit
gegee word, maar die boedel as 'n geheel is aan die oudste seun, of in die
afwesigheid van 'n seun, na die aangewese opvolger, gegee. Grondeienaars het alles moontlik gedoen om
verkoop van 'n landgoed of dele daarvan te voorkom. Hierdie behoefte om die
landgoed ongeskonde te hou het geweldige gevolge vir die ander seuns in die
familie en veral die dogters gehad.
Omdat slegs die oudste seun kon erf, moes verskillende maniere van ondersteuning vir die ander kinders gevind word. Here is where patronage, “friendship,” and “interest” came into play. With proper connections, younger sons could be sent into the professions — the clergy, army, navy, or medicine. Entry into business was much less favored, since work of a self-interested sort was thought to be tainted by “trade” and therefore to some degree was dishonorable and thus ungentlemanly. But no landlord opposed money itself; hence the typical landlord would be delighted if his sons married wealthy heiresses, regardless of the source of their fortunes. Marriage to a rich banker’s or merchant’s daughter might provide a financial base for a second or third son from which he might launch an effort to buy an estate. In this way, there was an important flow of noninheriting sons downward into the professions, which over time helped to elevate the professions in status and which raised the status of mercantile daughters upward into landed society. (http://lyceumbooks.com/pdf/PeoplesBritishIslesII_Chapter_03.pdf)
Omdat slegs die oudste seun kon erf, moes verskillende maniere van ondersteuning vir die ander kinders gevind word. Here is where patronage, “friendship,” and “interest” came into play. With proper connections, younger sons could be sent into the professions — the clergy, army, navy, or medicine. Entry into business was much less favored, since work of a self-interested sort was thought to be tainted by “trade” and therefore to some degree was dishonorable and thus ungentlemanly. But no landlord opposed money itself; hence the typical landlord would be delighted if his sons married wealthy heiresses, regardless of the source of their fortunes. Marriage to a rich banker’s or merchant’s daughter might provide a financial base for a second or third son from which he might launch an effort to buy an estate. In this way, there was an important flow of noninheriting sons downward into the professions, which over time helped to elevate the professions in status and which raised the status of mercantile daughters upward into landed society. (http://lyceumbooks.com/pdf/PeoplesBritishIslesII_Chapter_03.pdf)
Selfs nadat
hulle nie meer onder die adelstand resorteer het nie, het die sytakke nie
tot aan die heel onderkant van die sosiale leer geval nie. Daar was genoeg kos op die tafel om ‘n familie
van stewige gesonde jong mans en vrouens te onderhou. As daar gekyk word na hulle reproduktiewe
geskiedenis, word gevind dat daar min tweede huwelike was. Dit was ‘n aanduiding dat
die vroue goed gevoed, sterk en gesond was. Nie soos in die geval van die
arbeidersklas, waar 1 uit 15 vroue gedurende kindergeboorte gesterf het nie.
Die eerste kind is binne 'n jaar van die huwelik en ander elke twee jaar
daarna gebore. Net soos alle families, sou hulle die gewone hoë baba
sterftesyfer gehad het, maar genoeg kinders het oorgebly om die familie se voortbestaan te verseker. (Goldthorp,
William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley.
https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
Die Tudor (1485-1603)
gemeenskap was verdeel in vier groepe. Heel bo was die Adel wat groot hoeveelhede grond besit
het. Onder hulle was die deftige stand (gentry) en die ryk handelaars. Gentlemen het groot hoeveelhede grond besit en
was gewoonlik geleerd en het ‘n familiewapen gehad.
Gentlemen het nooit enige
hande-arbeid gedoen nie. ‘n Trappie laer op die sosiale skaal was die yeomen en craftsmen. Yeomen het hulle eie grond besit. Hulle
kon so ryk soos ‘n gentlemen wees, maar hulle het saam met hulle mense gewerk. Yeomen en craftsmen kon dikwels ook lees en skryf.
(Lambert, Tim: Daily life in Tudor England)
The yeomen,
take their rise from a very remote period, and were seated upon small estates
of their own, which they managed with industry, and lived upon the produce in
frugality, having sufficient spur to exertion without the depressing anxiety of
impending want. Men inured to such
physical exertions were always ready to take up arms at the call of their chief
lord, when dangers threatened or foes menaced; and their indomitable courage
was equal to every trial: but the time at length arrived, when the barons
no longer possessed the power to call these lion-hearted men to their sides to
"redress an insult, or avenge a wrong.” They were, therefore, left
to pursue uninterruptedly their rural occupations, "converting their
swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning hooks.' Thus left
free, they applied themselves to trade and commerce, and by the progress of the woollen
manufacture here, were enabled greatly to improve their domestic and social
condition. (Morehouse, Henry James: The
history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of
Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) Ten opsigte van status, was ‘n Yeoman bokant ‘n landbouer (husbandman), vakman,
ambagsman, arbeider, eenvoudige landbouer of armlastige gereken. En in
terme van finansiële status was hy nie ‘n arm man nie. (Cooper,
Stephen: When Night-dogs ran, a Yorkshire Poacher and his family,
1642-1699, 2012)
Die tenant farmers, wat hulle plase van die ryk mense
gehuur het, was onder die yeoman op die sosiale skaal. Hulle was ook loonarbeider en was dikwels
ongeletterd en baie arm. Dit was egter moontlik om van een klas na die
ander te beweeg. Met harde werk en geluk kon ‘n husbandman dus ‘n yeoman word. ‘n Yeoman kon ‘n familiewapen koop en ‘n gentlemen raak. Dit was dus moontlik vir
ambitieuse jong mans om op te gaan in die lewe. (Lambert,
Tim: Daily life in Tudor England)
Genealogie in
Middeleeuse Europa, was gemoeid met die aristokrasie en die wetsaspekte van
hulle erfenis, veral met betrekking tot die grond, en die klem het op die
koninklike en adellke stambome geval. Die Heraldic Visitations, wat in
Engeland in 1529-1530 begin het, het stambome, sowel as familiewapens
aangeteken. Nadat Henry VIII (r.1509-1547) veroorsaak het dat die Engelse
kerk met Rome breek, was dit vir Engelse gemeentes nodig om vanaf 1538,
registers van dope, huwelike en begrafnisse te hou en was dit die begin van
rekordhouding vir alle Engelse mense ongeag hulle klas. (Rootsweb’s
guide to tracing family trees)
Die Suid-Afrikaanse Wortley sytak wat hier van toepassing is,
kan teruggespoor word tot die Kirkburton gemeente. Die volgende dorpe vorm deel van hierdie gemeente: Shelley, Shepley, Thurstonland, Fulstone, Hepworth,
Cartworth, Wooldale, en 'n gedeelte van Half-Cumberworth.
Die
distrik grens aan en vorm deel van die uitgebreide bergreeks genaamd die English
Apennines, waarvan die hoogste deel 1860 voet bo seevlak is. Die hele distrik is saamgestel uit heuwels en
valleie, met volop vrugbare gedeeltes en pragtige natuurskoon. Dit vorm
die hoogste deel van die suidelike grens van die Upper Division of the Wapentake van Agbrigg. (Morehouse,
Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and
of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York.)
(Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI)
Shepley word al vir baie eeue bewoon. Van 700 VC tot 50 NC was daar Iron Age setlaars by Windmill Hill en Birds Edge. Skape en boerdery was belangrik sedert die dorp , moontlik meer as 2000 jaar gelede gestig is. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Van 500 - 800 NC was daar Anglo setlaars in Shepley. Die Anglo Saxons het tydens die 5de eeu na Brittanje gekom en terwyl die Saksers hulle in die suid/suid-ooste gevestig het, het die Anglo‘s die noorde verkies. Die Anglo‘s was oorspronklik 'n Noord-Duitse stam vanaf ‘n area wat vandag as Schleswig-Holstein bekend staan. Hulle het ‘n groot deel van Engeland in die 5de eeu verower en gekoloniseer. Die Anglo‘s was skaapboere en hulle het hul waarskynlik as gevolg van die goeie weiding (numerous meadows) in Shepley gevestig. Die vroue was early hand-loom weavers en Shepley sou ideaal daarvoor gewees het, met sy groot voorraad plaaslike wol en goeie watergehalte. It is suspected that the first textile workers were Anglo Saxon handloom weavers, working upstairs in their farm cottages. Sheep, and therefore wool, were plentiful and the Pennine slopes were occupied by small hill farmers. There were also plenty of bubbling streams with clear Pennine water, and with the necessary skills, the local textile industry was born. Die dorp bekend geraak vir sy weef, materiaalvervaardiging en wolproduksie. Die Anglo Saksers het waarskynlik vir 300 jaar ongestoord in die dorp gewoon. In 800 was daar invalle deur Deense stamme en Vikings. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Die dorp was selfonderhoudend. Daar is dun, maar gehalte grond in die gebied en Shepley en distrik is geseën met goeie natuurlike hulpbronne. Daar is bewyse van quarrying en pits vir óf steenkool, ystererts, of albei, vir meer as 1500 jaar gelede. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Aanvanklik was die klip wat uit quarrying in Shepley verkry is, net gebruik vir plaaslike bouprojekte of vir die bou van mure. Al die ouer huise, plase en skure is van die plaaslike klip, wat ten spyte van verweering nog in 'n goeie toestand is, gebou. Die vervoer van hierdie steen sou baie moeilik gewees het, omdat die mense net perde en waens beskikbaar gehad het en die spore en paaie in die omgewing baie steil was. Local buildings built of Shepley Stone: A few being – -Holme Moss Television Station -Steps to Blackburn Town Hall -Honley Secondary School -Skelmanthorpe Secondary School (Scissett) & several other West Riding Schools -Huddersfield Royal Infirmary (blue paving in some of the corridors) -Cliffe House (built by Mr Harris Wood when 21, which was around 1885) -The Earl of Wharncliffe’s house at Wortley -Mr and Mrs Duke’s house at Cawthorne (this is the well-known comedians Dukes & Lee). (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Na William the Conqueror se suksesvolle inval van 1066 het baie mense van die Noorde van Engeland geweier om hom as heerser van Engeland te aanvaar. In 1069-1070 het die ‘Harrying of the North’ plaasgevind, toe die Normandiese indringers geboue afgebrand het en mense en hul vee doodgemaak het. The king laid to waste towns and villages between the Scottish border and the River Humber. In 1086 word Scipelei (Shepley) in die Domesday Boek genoem. As long ago as 1086 SCIPELEI (Shepley) was mentioned in the Domesday Book, so there must have been some kind of settlement before the Norman Conquest. The name SHEPLEY, often thought to mean ‘a clearing where sheep are kept’ (but possibly connected with ley lines!) would indicate the early settlers were Anglo Saxon, ‘ley’ being Saxon for clearing. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Die oorblywende inwoners van Shepley het uit die area uit weggevlug met die ‘Harrying of the North’. Daar word aangeteken: "To the Manor of Wakefield belongs the soke of these lands; Criggleston ten oxgangs, Bretton one carucate, Horbury two carucates and seven oxgangs, Osset three carucates and a half, Heaton one carucate, Stanley three carucates, Shitlington six oxgangs, Emley three carucates, Cartworth six carucates. Burton three carucates, Shepley two carucates, Shelley one carucate, Cumberworth one carucate, Crosland one carucate. In all there are to be taxed thirty carucates, which twenty ploughs may till. They are now waste, except in Criggleston and Horbury, were there are four sokemen and one villane, and three bordars, with four ploughs, and in Osset four villanes and three bordars, with two ploughs. Besides these there are to be taxed two carucates in Holne and another Holne, and Austonley and Thong. One plough may till this land. It is waste ; Avood here and there. Some say this is thane land; others, in the soke of Wakefield." (Collins, Frances Anne ed.: The Parish registers of Kirkburton, co York. Vol. I. 1541 — 1654. 1887)
1 Wadsworth 2 Heptonstall 3 Midgley 4 Stansfield 5 Erringden 6 Langfield 7 Sowerby 8 Soyland 9 Rishworth 10 Scammonden 11 Barkisland 12 Stainland 13 Norland 14 Skircoat 15 Ovenden 16 Northowram 17 Shelf 18 Hipperholme ('Hyperum') 19 Halifax 20 Ratrick 21 Fixby 22 Quarmby 23 Golcar 24 North Crosland 25 Austonley 26 Upper Thong 27 Cartworth 28 Holme 29 Scholes 30 Hepworth 32 Wooldale 33 Thurstonland 34 Dalton 35 Clifton 36 Hartshead 39 Dewsbury 40 Soothill 41 Ossett 42 Sitlington 43 Horbury 44 Thornes 45 Alverthorpe 46 Stanley 47 Wakefield 48 Sandal 49 Crigglestone 50 Walton 51 Normanton 52 West Bretton 53 Emley 54 Shelley 55 Shepley 56 Cumberworth Half 57 Fulstone 58 West Ardsley 59 Eccleshill 60 Kirkburton (Source: Based upon Fraser C.M., & Troup, K.M. (eds.), Wakefield Court Rolls 1338-1340, Y.A.S. 1999.)
Roche Abbey
was 'n klooster van mans wat aan die Cistercian Order, bekend as White monks,
behoort het. Dit is in 1147 gestig (founded) en het voortbestaan tot en met
die ontbinding deur Henry VIII in 1538. Dit was een van die kleiner
gemeenskappe en het op die meeste 175 lede gehad, maar het binne die familie
van Fountains Abbey geval. Alhoewel
hulle basis in Roche, naby Maltby in Suid Yorkshire was, het die monnike
aansienlike invloed gehad en is daar heelwat grond in Suid Yorkshire en in
hierdie deel van Wes Yorkshire aan hulle geskenk. They
founded the original forge at Wortley and had a reputation for being hard
workers. (Billington,
David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Vanaf 1150 het mense hul weer in Shepley gevestig en vanaf ten minste 1200 tot die vroeë 1800's is Shepley deur die Lords of the Manor beheer.
Shepley se mesne tenancy sou, indien die dorp voor 1166 subinfeudated was, deur William de Neville, die eggenoot van Amabel, dogter van Adam, die seun van Swein, gehou gewees het. William Fitz Adam (de Bretton) het as William de Beaumont bekendgestaan. Die eerste William de Beaumont, verskyn in 'n 1200 akte waarin ‘n gift of land aan Matthew de Shepley gegee word. In 1217 het Matthew of Shepley 'n knight geword.
Opeenvolgende geslagte, huwelike en familie-uitbreidings het gelei tot verbindings met ander groot grond-besit families, insluitend die Storths (Storthes Hall), die Goldthorpes (naburig aan Roche), die Kesceburgh’s se (Kexborough) asook Earl Warren, die Here van Thurstonland. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Die Manor van Shepley is deur Earl Warren aan een van sy dienaars, wat sy naam van die plek geneem het, toegeken. In die "Notes and Remembrance of the Manor of Sheepleye" word dit gesê: "one Matthew de Sheepleye was Lord of Sheepleye and steward to the Earl Warren of the Lordship of Wakefield". Die Earl Warren was Lord van Thurstonland wat ook grond aan die monnike van Roche Abbey gegee het.
Die monnike was opgevoed en kon lees en skryf, wat vroeë opgetekende rekords tot gevolg gehad het. Die Count and Countess of Eu en Matthew de Shepley het almal plaaslike verbintenisse gehad en was toegewyde ondersteuners van Roche Abbey. It is virtually certain that the monks and steward had a base in the area now known as The Abbey. Originally at the northern end of Sherwood Forest, it is rumoured that Robin Hood worshipped there. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
A deed dated 1219 confirms lands given to the monks by the Countess of Eu (Yew) and witnessed by a knight, Mathew de Shepley. Dit is dieselfde Matthew wat Lord of this Manor van Shepley was. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Vanaf 1150 het mense hul weer in Shepley gevestig en vanaf ten minste 1200 tot die vroeë 1800's is Shepley deur die Lords of the Manor beheer.
Shepley se mesne tenancy sou, indien die dorp voor 1166 subinfeudated was, deur William de Neville, die eggenoot van Amabel, dogter van Adam, die seun van Swein, gehou gewees het. William Fitz Adam (de Bretton) het as William de Beaumont bekendgestaan. Die eerste William de Beaumont, verskyn in 'n 1200 akte waarin ‘n gift of land aan Matthew de Shepley gegee word. In 1217 het Matthew of Shepley 'n knight geword.
Opeenvolgende geslagte, huwelike en familie-uitbreidings het gelei tot verbindings met ander groot grond-besit families, insluitend die Storths (Storthes Hall), die Goldthorpes (naburig aan Roche), die Kesceburgh’s se (Kexborough) asook Earl Warren, die Here van Thurstonland. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Die monnike was opgevoed en kon lees en skryf, wat vroeë opgetekende rekords tot gevolg gehad het. Die Count and Countess of Eu en Matthew de Shepley het almal plaaslike verbintenisse gehad en was toegewyde ondersteuners van Roche Abbey. It is virtually certain that the monks and steward had a base in the area now known as The Abbey. Originally at the northern end of Sherwood Forest, it is rumoured that Robin Hood worshipped there. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
A deed dated 1219 confirms lands given to the monks by the Countess of Eu (Yew) and witnessed by a knight, Mathew de Shepley. Dit is dieselfde Matthew wat Lord of this Manor van Shepley was. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
A deed, dated 1219 from Alice,
Countess of Eu, confirmed the site of Roche Abbey to the monks. The deed was
executed at Tickhill and among the witnesses were Matthew de Sheepleie, a
Knight. There is evidence that lands were earlier granted to the monks of Roche
Abbey, by ‘Matthew de Schepelay’. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Ander grond wat aan hulle toegeken was, was in die gebiede nou bekend as Shelley Bottom (of Bank Bottom), Shepley Common/Hey Moor, asook Cumberworth. Almal is aangrensende gebiede en almal is in die omgewing van Shepley. Ander minder spesifieke verslae sluit grond by Shepley en Cumberworth, onder toesig van 'n basis (‘n plaas) by The Abbey in. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Ander grond wat aan hulle toegeken was, was in die gebiede nou bekend as Shelley Bottom (of Bank Bottom), Shepley Common/Hey Moor, asook Cumberworth. Almal is aangrensende gebiede en almal is in die omgewing van Shepley. Ander minder spesifieke verslae sluit grond by Shepley en Cumberworth, onder toesig van 'n basis (‘n plaas) by The Abbey in. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Die grange (a
country house with farm buildings attached) van die monnike het die
reg tot weiding vir 20 skape op die commons en waste
lands in die heerskappy van Shelley gehad, 'n voorreg wat sonder
twyfel deur een van die vroeë Lords van Shelley toegestaan is. Na
die dissolve of the Monastery of Roche is hierdie grond aan
John Storthes (van Storthes Hall) toegeken. Hierdie Shelley grond
kon baie maklik in Shepley gewees het, aangesien die common by
Hey Moor was.
Nog
'n handves van Earl Warren in: 'al die grond van 'Cumbrewode'
met die woonhuise en buitegeboue ... and all the appurtenances
which Matthew de Shepley gave and confirmed to them by his charters, to hold in
perpetual alms according to the tenor of the charter of Matthew.’ Die
eiendom was in twee dele - high and low was, en is
daarna Upper Cumberworth Half genoem. High was in
die gemeente van Kirkburton. Dit was op 'n baie vroeë stadium aan die de
Shepleys toegestaan. Dit is hierdie grond wat aan die monnike van Roche
Abbey verleen is.
Thomas de Burgh het een knight’s fee in Shepley gehou.
(The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. http://www.mocavo.com/The-Yorkshire-Archaeological-Journal-Volume-8/953026/38)
Sir Matthew de Shepleie het 'n seun, Matthew, gehad wat gedurende die heerskappy van Henry III (1216-1272) geleef het. Hy verskyn as getuie vir 'n aantal Charters, insluitend een in 1257. Hy is opgevolg deur John de Scheplay, wie se naam gereeld in Charters van die regering van Edward I (1272-1307) verskyn. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!) In the 12th yeare of the reigne of Edward III, (1339) this John de Scheplay in the court of the Earl Warren, holden at Wakefield, did acknowledge that he held a carucate of land of Thomas de Burgh by homage fealtye and escauge &c. John was twee keer getroud. By sy eerste vrou, Johanna, het hy ‘n seun William de Scheplay gehad. By sy tweede vrou, Margaret, het hy vir Robert de Scheplay gehad. William de Scheplay, the elder son and heir, was in ward to John de Burge, son and heir of Thomas de Burge, in the 36 Edward III (1361) who sold his wardship to Jennet, wife of William Storres (Storthes).
(The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. http://www.mocavo.com/The-Yorkshire-Archaeological-Journal-Volume-8/953026/38)
Daar is 'n verwysing na Shepley in die Inquisitions Post Mortem, geskryf in die 33ste jaar van Henry III se regeringstyd (1249). "Extent. The vigil of St. Matthew, 33 Hen. III. Scheplay alias Sepeleya town, a capital messuage, 6l. rents from free tenants, 6s. 10d. from cottars, a mill, a little wood, &c. tenure unspecified." (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepley)
Sir Matthew de Shepleie het 'n seun, Matthew, gehad wat gedurende die heerskappy van Henry III (1216-1272) geleef het. Hy verskyn as getuie vir 'n aantal Charters, insluitend een in 1257. Hy is opgevolg deur John de Scheplay, wie se naam gereeld in Charters van die regering van Edward I (1272-1307) verskyn. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!) In the 12th yeare of the reigne of Edward III, (1339) this John de Scheplay in the court of the Earl Warren, holden at Wakefield, did acknowledge that he held a carucate of land of Thomas de Burgh by homage fealtye and escauge &c. John was twee keer getroud. By sy eerste vrou, Johanna, het hy ‘n seun William de Scheplay gehad. By sy tweede vrou, Margaret, het hy vir Robert de Scheplay gehad. William de Scheplay, the elder son and heir, was in ward to John de Burge, son and heir of Thomas de Burge, in the 36 Edward III (1361) who sold his wardship to Jennet, wife of William Storres (Storthes).
Daar is 'n verwysing na Shepley in die Inquisitions Post Mortem, geskryf in die 33ste jaar van Henry III se regeringstyd (1249). "Extent. The vigil of St. Matthew, 33 Hen. III. Scheplay alias Sepeleya town, a capital messuage, 6l. rents from free tenants, 6s. 10d. from cottars, a mill, a little wood, &c. tenure unspecified." (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepley)
(The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. http://www.mocavo.com/The-Yorkshire-Archaeological-Journal-Volume-8/953026/38)
William de Shepley het twee dogters, Isabell en Dionysia, wat mede-erfgename was, gehad. Die herehuis en landgoed van Shepley is tussen die twee dogters verdeel. Dionysia is met Thomas Stone getroud. (Collins, Frances Anne, ed.: The Parish registers of Kirkburton, co York. Vol. I. 1541—1654. 1887)
William de Shepley het twee dogters, Isabell en Dionysia, wat mede-erfgename was, gehad. Die herehuis en landgoed van Shepley is tussen die twee dogters verdeel. Dionysia is met Thomas Stone getroud. (Collins, Frances Anne, ed.: The Parish registers of Kirkburton, co York. Vol. I. 1541—1654. 1887)
Die Goldthorpe
familie, oorspronklik van ‘n nedersetting naby Bolton upon Dearne het teen
ongeveer die middel van die 14de eeu na Shepley verhuis. (Collins, Frances Anne, ed.: The Parish
registers of Kirkburton, co York. Vol. I. 1541—1654. 1887) In 1361 het Robert van
Goldthorpe, ook bekend as Robert Robertson (sy vader se naam was Robert), met
Esabell van Shepley getrou en so in besit van 'n deel van die oorgeërfde manor
en landgoede van Shepley gekom. Die verhuising vanaf Goldthorpe het
plaasgevind as gevolg van hierdie belangrike huwelik. (Goldthorpes
Origins) The medieval Goldthorpes were of gentry rank and became part owners of the manor of Shepley. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History)
Gedurende die
eienaarskap van Shepley deur die Goldthorpes is daar verskeie verwysings na die
Wortley familie.
Robert de Goldthorpe en Isabell de Sheplay het 'n seun, Thomas Goldthorpe gehad. Die ander dogter, Dionysia, (getroud met Thomas Stone) het 'n seun, William Stone gehad. Hierdie seuns was die kleinkinders van William de Scheplay. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Robert de Goldthorpe en Isabell de Sheplay het 'n seun, Thomas Goldthorpe gehad. Die ander dogter, Dionysia, (getroud met Thomas Stone) het 'n seun, William Stone gehad. Hierdie seuns was die kleinkinders van William de Scheplay. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
(Billington, David:
Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
(The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. http://www.mocavo.com/The-Yorkshire-Archaeological-Journal-Volume-8/953026/38)
Boerdery was die dorp se hoof ekonomiese bedryf. Putte regdeur Shepley het volop skoon water voorsien. The regulations made by the manor court show that the modern distinction between town and country meant very little: animals had to be brought into town to the market; corn had to be brought to the mills; pigs were kept in many a household yard; waggons were left standing in the streets. All this suggests that "husbandry in one form or another was the most important occupation of townsfolk of all classes", as it was in most English towns. Husbandmen, and yeomen, can be found everywhere. (Cooper, Stephen: Those was good lads - a history of tudor Rotherham http://www.chivalryandwar.co.uk/Resource/TUDOR.pdf)
Wolproduksie en weefwerk was reeds vir honderde jare beoefen. Die wolhandel het egter sedert die 14de eeu begin groei. Die westelike deel van die gemeente het begin toeneem, en Holmfirth het ontstaan. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) Weefwerk het ook in belangrikheid toegeneem.
Onder die inwoners van die Kirkburton gemeente uit die tydperk 1379 word Wilhelmus de Wortelay van Sheplay genoem. Shepley se inwoners vir 1379 was 25 in total, t.w.: Willelmus & Alicia de Schepley; Willelmus & Agnes de Wollay; Johannes & Agnes Elkoe; Willelmus seun van Johannis; Johannes seun van Stephani; Henricus Magson; Willelmus & Agnes del West ; Adam Silvester; Johannes Judson; Ricardus & Agnes Lettell; Beatrix de Rylay; Emma Nurys; Margeria haar dogter; Willelmus de Wortelay; Johannes Stephenson; Magota del West; Johannes de Bircheley; Adam Willeman; Margeria dienaar.
In 1424/25 het William de Shepley die manor van Shepley aan sy kleinseun Thomas Goldthorp verhuur om op te boer.Boerdery was die dorp se hoof ekonomiese bedryf. Putte regdeur Shepley het volop skoon water voorsien. The regulations made by the manor court show that the modern distinction between town and country meant very little: animals had to be brought into town to the market; corn had to be brought to the mills; pigs were kept in many a household yard; waggons were left standing in the streets. All this suggests that "husbandry in one form or another was the most important occupation of townsfolk of all classes", as it was in most English towns. Husbandmen, and yeomen, can be found everywhere. (Cooper, Stephen: Those was good lads - a history of tudor Rotherham http://www.chivalryandwar.co.uk/Resource/TUDOR.pdf)
Wolproduksie en weefwerk was reeds vir honderde jare beoefen. Die wolhandel het egter sedert die 14de eeu begin groei. Die westelike deel van die gemeente het begin toeneem, en Holmfirth het ontstaan. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) Weefwerk het ook in belangrikheid toegeneem.
Onder die inwoners van die Kirkburton gemeente uit die tydperk 1379 word Wilhelmus de Wortelay van Sheplay genoem. Shepley se inwoners vir 1379 was 25 in total, t.w.: Willelmus & Alicia de Schepley; Willelmus & Agnes de Wollay; Johannes & Agnes Elkoe; Willelmus seun van Johannis; Johannes seun van Stephani; Henricus Magson; Willelmus & Agnes del West ; Adam Silvester; Johannes Judson; Ricardus & Agnes Lettell; Beatrix de Rylay; Emma Nurys; Margeria haar dogter; Willelmus de Wortelay; Johannes Stephenson; Magota del West; Johannes de Bircheley; Adam Willeman; Margeria dienaar.
Junie 4. 1437. Thomas Wortley, par. Birton. Sep. in eccl. Birton. Residue (that which remains of an estate after all charges, debts, and bequests have been paid) to John Kaye and John Dyconson. They executors. [Pr. July, 1438.] (Beg. Test-iii. 626 J. Testamenta Eboracensia, a Selection of Wills from the Registry at York. Vol. IV.)
Thomas Goldthorp het met Alice, die dogter van Laurence Kaye van Woodsome getrou. Alice Kaye en Thomas Goldthorp het 'n hele klompie kinders gehad. Die oudste seun van Alice Kaye en Thomas Goldthorp, John Goldthorp, het in 1456 met Elizabeth die dogter van Thomas Savile, van Hullenedge getrou. (Collins, Frances Anne ed.: The Parish Registers of Kirburton, Co York, with appendix of Family Histories. Printed by William Pollard & Co. North Street, Exeter, 1902. Volume II)
(Norcliffe, Charles Best, ed.: The Visitation of Yorkshire in the years 1563 and 1564 made by William Flower, Esquire, M.A. of Langton, London, 1881.)
Thomas Goldthorpe, is beskryf as van Goldthorpe en Shepley en die familie en hul afstammelinge het hulle eiendom in en rondom Goldthorpe behou tot laat in die regeringstyd van Henry VIII (r.1509-1546). In 1463 het Thomas Goldthorpe ‘n testament gemaak waarin hy noem dat Henry sy seun messuage in Goldthorpe, genoem Devecote land en ‘n messuage in Bolton moet kry. Hy het voor die tyd al sy gronde in Goldthorpe, Bolton, Billingley en Shepley wat deur erfreg na hom toe moes gaan aan sy oudste seun John Goldthorpe gegee. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History)
Thomas Goldthorpe, is beskryf as van Goldthorpe en Shepley en die familie en hul afstammelinge het hulle eiendom in en rondom Goldthorpe behou tot laat in die regeringstyd van Henry VIII (r.1509-1546). In 1463 het Thomas Goldthorpe ‘n testament gemaak waarin hy noem dat Henry sy seun messuage in Goldthorpe, genoem Devecote land en ‘n messuage in Bolton moet kry. Hy het voor die tyd al sy gronde in Goldthorpe, Bolton, Billingley en Shepley wat deur erfreg na hom toe moes gaan aan sy oudste seun John Goldthorpe gegee. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History)
Thomas Wortley trou met Kateren Goldthorp, die dogter van John Goldthorp en Elisabeth Savell.
1485. I
William Goldthorp de Schepelay, son of Thomas Goldthorp de Shepley, grant to
Nicholas Burdett Esq.; Matthew Wentworth Esq.; John Tong chaplain; Will
Oldfield; John Beaumont and John Goldthorp my son, all lands in Shepley which I
have of gift and feoffment (a grant of land in trust for another) of Thomas, my
father, and which he bought of Thos. Wortley of Shepley and
John Roydes of Wakefield. Witnesses. John Stone (Stoyn); John Pogson: John
Steveson etc. Shepley 31 January 2. Ric. 3. (Goldthorpe, William Oates: The Goldthorpes of
Shepley.
https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
1508.
Nicolas Burdett quits claim to Richard Beaumont Esq. all right in a messuage at
Shepley which in connection with Matthew Wentworth and others deceased I had of
gift and feoffment of Wm. Goldthorpe. (Goldthorpe,
William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley.
https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20Goldthorpes %20of%20Shepley.pdf)
Matthew Wentworth Esq of West Bretton, Yorkshire. He married Elizabeth
Woodruffe, daughter of Sir Richard Woodruffe of Wolley and Jane Wortley. (Richardson,
Douglas: Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,
2nd Edition)
1509.
William Goldthorpe band to Richard Beaumont Esq. £40. 8 December 23 H 7 To
stand to the award of John Slingby Esq.; John Wortley; Christopher
Gradford and John Waterhouse. About this time Jane, grand daughter of John
Wentworth and Joan Beaumont married William Goldthorp of Shepley. (The Goldthorpes of Shepley. By William Oates Goldthorp
https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
1522. Richard Beaumont Esq.; grants to William Goldthorpe gent., messuage and 60 acres etc in Shepley rent 26s 8d. Witnesses. Henry Soothill, Vicar of Kirkburton; Thomas Wartlett (Wortley); John Wood; Roberet Cussin; John Pogson etc..10 November 16 H 8. Kirkburton het hier alreeds sy naam.
1522. Richard Beaumont Esq.; grants to William Goldthorpe gent., messuage and 60 acres etc in Shepley rent 26s 8d. Witnesses. Henry Soothill, Vicar of Kirkburton; Thomas Wartlett (Wortley); John Wood; Roberet Cussin; John Pogson etc..10 November 16 H 8. Kirkburton het hier alreeds sy naam.
Die styging in
die bevolking vanaf ongeveer 1500 het daartoe gelei dat die prys van kos ver
bokant die van lone gestyg het. Dit het die arbeidsmag, wat toenemend
afhanklik van betaalde arbeid was, verarm. 'n Groot daling in
lewenstandaard het gevolg en saam met die hoë werkloosheidsyfer, het 'n groot
deel van die bevolking oorleef deur op die staat te steun en vir wilde vrugte
en groente te aas. Migrasie na die dorpe
het begin plaasvind en ‘n redelike mate van sosiale onrus het geheers. Die staat was onbevoeg om die sosiale gevolge
van die bevolkingsgroei en onvoldoende voedsel te hanteer en is deur die mense
wantrou. (History of countryside and agriculture 1600ad – UK Agriculture)
Henry VIII (r.1509-1546) het voortdurend meer geld nodig gehad as, wat uit sy normale bronne van inkomste ontvang is. Daar was van grondeienaars en welvarende persone verwag om die nodige inkomste te voorsien. The subsidy was imposed upon persons according to the reputed value (moderate estimate) of their estates. The rate at one time was fixed as 4s for land and 2s 8d for goods. The word subsidy is used to define a specific set of records as well as an umbrella name for a group of records. (https://familysearch.org/learn/ wiki/en/English_Lay_Subsidies). In die 1524 & 1525 subsidies was lone toegevoeg tot die lys van belasbare welvaart. (http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~stithiansopc/The1524Subsidy.htm) Die Great Subsidy of 1524-5 lys alle mense bo die ouderdom van 16 jaar met inkomste uit grond of met belasbare goedere ter waarde van £ 2 per jaar, of met 'n jaarlikse loon van £ 1 of meer. (https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/English_Lay_Subsidies).
In 1524 kom Thomas Wortlay van Scheplay se naam voor met betaling towards the Kings subsidy vir 40s. goods 12d. So ook: John Pogson for 40s. goods, 12d; John Ston for 20s. lands, 12d. (Collins, Frances Anne ed.: The Parish Registers of Kirburton, Co York, with appendix of Family Histories. Printed by William Pollard & Co. North Street, Exeter, 1902. Volume II)
In 1524 kom Thomas Wortlay van Scheplay se naam voor met betaling towards the Kings subsidy vir 40s. goods 12d. So ook: John Pogson for 40s. goods, 12d; John Ston for 20s. lands, 12d. (Collins, Frances Anne ed.: The Parish Registers of Kirburton, Co York, with appendix of Family Histories. Printed by William Pollard & Co. North Street, Exeter, 1902. Volume II)
Die laaste William Goldthorpe het geen manlike nageslag gehad nie. Hy het ‘n opname van sy eiendom gemaak en dit kan beskryf word as twaalf messuages, dertig akker of meadow, een honderd of pasture, tien of wood in Goldthorpe, Bolton, Billingley, Barnborough en Shepley to the use of himself and his heirs male of his body; remainder to John and James, his brothers and their heirs male respectively; remainder to his uncle William Goldthorpe and the heirs male of his body; remainder to his right heirs. Thomas Goldthorpe was die volgende erfgenaam. The Manor remained in the Shepley family line until John de Schepley’s nephew, Thomas Goldthorpe inherited the estate. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
1539. Joan Mirfield, (widow) relict of Robert Myrfield, deceased, and daughter and heir of William Goldthorp, late of Goldthorpe gent., deceased, quits claim to Richard Beaumont Esq., all right in a messuage, 60 acres of land, 10 of meadow and 4 of wood late in the tenure of Robert Cassin. Witnesses. Richard Fleming; John Grice senior: Jac. Todde, Vicar of Carneby; Walter Redmond gent. Etc. Wakefield. 28 October 31 H 8. (Goldthorpe, William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley. https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20 Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
1539. Joan Mirfield, (widow) relict of Robert Myrfield, deceased, and daughter and heir of William Goldthorp, late of Goldthorpe gent., deceased, quits claim to Richard Beaumont Esq., all right in a messuage, 60 acres of land, 10 of meadow and 4 of wood late in the tenure of Robert Cassin. Witnesses. Richard Fleming; John Grice senior: Jac. Todde, Vicar of Carneby; Walter Redmond gent. Etc. Wakefield. 28 October 31 H 8. (Goldthorpe, William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley. https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20 Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
1542—TRINITY TERM, 34 HENRY VIII.
Thomas Goldthorp
|
Manor of Shepley and 12 messuages with lands in Shepley, Hepworth, Byllyngley and Barmburgh.
|
(http://www.british-history.ac.uk/feet-of-fines-yorks/vol1/pp91-119)
Thomas Goldthorpe het onderneem om aan Richard Stansfield eerste opsie te gee, indien hy die estate wou verkoop of belas.
Thomas Goldthorpe het onderneem om aan Richard Stansfield eerste opsie te gee, indien hy die estate wou verkoop of belas.
1543 —EASTER TERM, 35 HENRY VIII.
Richard Stannyfford
|
Manor of Shepley, also called Shepley Hall, and tenements in Shepley and Burton.
|
(http://www.british-history.ac.uk/feet-of-fines-yorks/vol1/pp91-119)
1542. This Goldthorpe had a deed of annuity with a Richard Stansfield of London who then had preference to buy any of the Goldthorpe’s assets that came up for sale. The Manor of Shepley including the Hall, cottage and all lands were purchased by Stansfield for £290 in 1542. This terminated the connection of the Shepleys/Goldthorpes with the Shepley Manor. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
In die sestiende en sewentiende eeue was die Goldthorpes van Shepley in die Kirkburton gemeenteregister, nie as here beskryf nie, maar verder af in die sosiale skaal, as yeomen. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History) Finansiële probleme en geskille met ander plaaslike families, veral met die Beaumonts van Whitley, was verantwoordelik vir 'n afname in status ná 1542 toe Thomas Goldthorpe sy deel van Shepley Manor verkoop het. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History)
Thomas Goldthorpe of Shepley, gent., cousin and heir to William Goldthorp, yeoman late of Shepley, gent. deceased, gives to Richard Stansfield, Citizen and Skenner of London, all those 7 messuages (the portion of land intended as a site for a dwelling-house and its appurtenances (toebehore) in Shepley in tenure (verblyfreg) of William Moorehouse; John Hege; Adam Copley; Jac. Goldthhorpe; John Smith; John Archer junior; and Edward Wortley, husbandman; also my watermill in tenure of John Beaumont of Ryley (Kirkburton) – my wood – my messuage in Billyngley in tenure of Rob. Hopkinson, husbandman,; my messuage in Barneburgh, an annual rental of 11s. issuing from a messuage and lands of John Coldwell, with wardship, services, marriages etc., an annual quit rent of 6s. from messuages and lands of Oliver Stephenson of Shepley with wardship etc., 18 September 34 H 8. Seisin given in presence of John Armytage; John Beaumont of Ryley; Robert Beaumont, his son; Robert Wortley; Adam Copley; William Moorehouse; Thomas Armytage; Edward Wortley of Shepley. (Goldthorp, William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley. https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
Die Goldthorpes het aanhou woon in Shepley ná 1542 en die name van Thomas en James is daar opgeteken in die Subsidie Roll van 1545. (Goldthorp Origins)
Die oorsprong van Kirkburton dateer terug na die Ystertydperk waar 'n nedersetting op die terrein waar die huidige kerk gebou is, gevorm het. Daar is ook ‘n mening dat 'n Saksiese Fort op daardie plek gestaan het. Die Dorp van Burton was ongetwyfeld die belangrikste plek in die gemeente vir die feit dat dit gekies was as terrein vir die oprigting van die Parish church. Dit was ook ‘n markdorp. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) In John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales – 1870-72 word Kirkburton as volg beskryf: KIRKBURTON, a village, a township, a parish, and a sub-district in Huddersfield district, West Riding, Yorkshire. The village stands two miles North of Shepley r. station, and 5 SE of Huddersfield. The township contains also the village of High-Burton, and the hamlets of Dogley-Lane, Green Grove, Spring-Grove, Linfit-Lane, and Paddock. (A vision of Britain through time)
Shepley was deel van die Kirkburton gemeente en die kerk is in die 13de eeu gebou. Die stigter en finansier was Earl Warren. Kirkburton Parish was deel van die Dewsbury Ministerie. Die eerste minister Kerk van All Saints, Dewsbury is in 627AD gebou. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
1542. This Goldthorpe had a deed of annuity with a Richard Stansfield of London who then had preference to buy any of the Goldthorpe’s assets that came up for sale. The Manor of Shepley including the Hall, cottage and all lands were purchased by Stansfield for £290 in 1542. This terminated the connection of the Shepleys/Goldthorpes with the Shepley Manor. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
In die sestiende en sewentiende eeue was die Goldthorpes van Shepley in die Kirkburton gemeenteregister, nie as here beskryf nie, maar verder af in die sosiale skaal, as yeomen. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History) Finansiële probleme en geskille met ander plaaslike families, veral met die Beaumonts van Whitley, was verantwoordelik vir 'n afname in status ná 1542 toe Thomas Goldthorpe sy deel van Shepley Manor verkoop het. (Hey, David: Family Names and Family History)
Thomas Goldthorpe of Shepley, gent., cousin and heir to William Goldthorp, yeoman late of Shepley, gent. deceased, gives to Richard Stansfield, Citizen and Skenner of London, all those 7 messuages (the portion of land intended as a site for a dwelling-house and its appurtenances (toebehore) in Shepley in tenure (verblyfreg) of William Moorehouse; John Hege; Adam Copley; Jac. Goldthhorpe; John Smith; John Archer junior; and Edward Wortley, husbandman; also my watermill in tenure of John Beaumont of Ryley (Kirkburton) – my wood – my messuage in Billyngley in tenure of Rob. Hopkinson, husbandman,; my messuage in Barneburgh, an annual rental of 11s. issuing from a messuage and lands of John Coldwell, with wardship, services, marriages etc., an annual quit rent of 6s. from messuages and lands of Oliver Stephenson of Shepley with wardship etc., 18 September 34 H 8. Seisin given in presence of John Armytage; John Beaumont of Ryley; Robert Beaumont, his son; Robert Wortley; Adam Copley; William Moorehouse; Thomas Armytage; Edward Wortley of Shepley. (Goldthorp, William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley. https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/The%20Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
Die Goldthorpes het aanhou woon in Shepley ná 1542 en die name van Thomas en James is daar opgeteken in die Subsidie Roll van 1545. (Goldthorp Origins)
Die oorsprong van Kirkburton dateer terug na die Ystertydperk waar 'n nedersetting op die terrein waar die huidige kerk gebou is, gevorm het. Daar is ook ‘n mening dat 'n Saksiese Fort op daardie plek gestaan het. Die Dorp van Burton was ongetwyfeld die belangrikste plek in die gemeente vir die feit dat dit gekies was as terrein vir die oprigting van die Parish church. Dit was ook ‘n markdorp. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) In John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales – 1870-72 word Kirkburton as volg beskryf: KIRKBURTON, a village, a township, a parish, and a sub-district in Huddersfield district, West Riding, Yorkshire. The village stands two miles North of Shepley r. station, and 5 SE of Huddersfield. The township contains also the village of High-Burton, and the hamlets of Dogley-Lane, Green Grove, Spring-Grove, Linfit-Lane, and Paddock. (A vision of Britain through time)
Shepley was deel van die Kirkburton gemeente en die kerk is in die 13de eeu gebou. Die stigter en finansier was Earl Warren. Kirkburton Parish was deel van die Dewsbury Ministerie. Die eerste minister Kerk van All Saints, Dewsbury is in 627AD gebou. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Die kerk van Kirkburton is op 'n goed geleë hoogte gebou en net soos die kerke op Almondbury en Huddersfield, staan dit op die oostelike grens van sy gemeente. In hierdie tyd was die westelike deel van die gemeente nog klein. Die Normandiese kerk is herbou tydens die regering van Edward III (r.1327-1377). Aansienlike veranderinge en opknappingswerk is aan die kerk gedoen oor die eeue en daar is bykans niks van die oorspronklike gebou oor nie. (Minter, Gordon & Enid: Discovering old Huddersfield. Part one)
Links: Kirkburton All Hallows Church
*Tithe = the tenth part of the annual produce of
agriculture being a due or payment for the support of the priesthood, religious
establishment – levy, tax or tribute of one tenth.
* Soke of the lands = payment to the lord for using
his lands.
*Sokemen = freemen landholders who paid rent for
their land
*Villanes = tenants of the lord
* Bordars = peasant farmers
*Carucate, the amount of land that can be ploughed
by an ox team in one year about 240 acres. It is divided into 8 oxgangs of
about 30 acres. There are 8 oxen in a plough team. Another name is bovate, the
amount of land that can be worked by one man and one ox in a year. An Acre is
the amount of land that can be ploughed by an ox team in a day. (Goldthorp, William Oates: The Goldthorpes of Shepley. https://www.red1st.com/axholme/documents/
The%20Goldthorpes%20of%20Shepley.pdf)
Die College of St Stephen in die Palace of Westminster is deur koning Edward III gestig en tot en met sy ontbinding (dissolution) in 1547 was dit gehuisves in ‘n pragtige Gotiese gebou. Inrigtings, soos die College of St Stephens, het nie saam met die kloosters tot ‘n val gekom nie, maar as gevolg van die Wet van 1 Edward VI (1547). The tithes and other rights and dues of two out of every three South Yorkshire churches were granted to religious institutions during the Middle Ages. St Stephen’s received (amoungst others) the tithes and advowson of Wakefield and Kirkburton churches. (Hey, David: A History of Penistone and District. Barnsley. 2002) Met die ontbinding van die College of St Stephens, het die Rectory en Advowson van Burton, saam met baie ander, weer teruggekeer tot die kroon.
Met die ontbinding van die kloosters het baie kerkgrond - en in baie gevalle ook die gepaardgaande rectorial tithes - oorgegaan in private eienaarskap. Hierdie tiendes het die persoonlike eiendom van die nuwe eienaars geraak. Die predikant (vicar) het steeds sy predikants tiendes (vicarial tithes) ontvang en het voortgegaan om geestelike toesig oor die gemeente te hou. (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/tithes/)
Die rectorial tithes van Penistone en Burton is vir twintig jaar, op 22 Julie 1566, deur koningin Elizabeth, vir £ 145 15s. aan Nicholas Smyth, burger en merchant taylor van Londen, verhuur. Smith het kort daarna die res van hierdie huurkontrak aan Francis Wortley, van Wortley, Esq. vir £ 120, oorgedra, wat dit weer aan sy seun, Sir Richard Wortley oorgedra het. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) The rectorial tithes of Peniston and Kirkburton were held by the crown, and were granted out to farm by Queen Elizabeth (r.1558-1603) to the Wortleys of Wortley, who again granted the same out to others for shorter periods. (Yorkshire diaries. http://archive.org/stream/yorkshirediarie01marggoog/yorkshirediarie01marggoog_djvu.txt)
Henry VIII (1509-1547) was verantwoordelik vir die ontbinding van die kloosters. In 1534 het Henry met Rome gebreek en die Kerk van Engeland gevorm. Van 1538 af het die gemeentes registers gehou om die dope, huwelike en begrafnisse aan te teken, met die verpligte registrasie van hierdie wet in 1837. (Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)(Billington, David: Shepley, Believe it …… or Not!)
Latynse inskrywings vir hierdie tak van die Wortley familie kom in die Kirkburtonse kerkregisters sedert die 1540's voor.
Thomas Wortley, begrawe 30 Jul 1546, Kirkburton.
John Wortley, begrawe 25/03/1561, Kirkburton.
Thomas Wortley, begrawe 30 Jul 1546, Kirkburton.
John Wortley, begrawe 25/03/1561, Kirkburton.
Die College of St Stephen in die Palace of Westminster is deur koning Edward III gestig en tot en met sy ontbinding (dissolution) in 1547 was dit gehuisves in ‘n pragtige Gotiese gebou. Inrigtings, soos die College of St Stephens, het nie saam met die kloosters tot ‘n val gekom nie, maar as gevolg van die Wet van 1 Edward VI (1547). The tithes and other rights and dues of two out of every three South Yorkshire churches were granted to religious institutions during the Middle Ages. St Stephen’s received (amoungst others) the tithes and advowson of Wakefield and Kirkburton churches. (Hey, David: A History of Penistone and District. Barnsley. 2002) Met die ontbinding van die College of St Stephens, het die Rectory en Advowson van Burton, saam met baie ander, weer teruggekeer tot die kroon.
Met die ontbinding van die kloosters het baie kerkgrond - en in baie gevalle ook die gepaardgaande rectorial tithes - oorgegaan in private eienaarskap. Hierdie tiendes het die persoonlike eiendom van die nuwe eienaars geraak. Die predikant (vicar) het steeds sy predikants tiendes (vicarial tithes) ontvang en het voortgegaan om geestelike toesig oor die gemeente te hou. (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/tithes/)
Die rectorial tithes van Penistone en Burton is vir twintig jaar, op 22 Julie 1566, deur koningin Elizabeth, vir £ 145 15s. aan Nicholas Smyth, burger en merchant taylor van Londen, verhuur. Smith het kort daarna die res van hierdie huurkontrak aan Francis Wortley, van Wortley, Esq. vir £ 120, oorgedra, wat dit weer aan sy seun, Sir Richard Wortley oorgedra het. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI) The rectorial tithes of Peniston and Kirkburton were held by the crown, and were granted out to farm by Queen Elizabeth (r.1558-1603) to the Wortleys of Wortley, who again granted the same out to others for shorter periods. (Yorkshire diaries. http://archive.org/stream/yorkshirediarie01marggoog/yorkshirediarie01marggoog_djvu.txt)
Na aan die einde van die regeringstyd van koningin Elizabeth
(r.1558-1603), het die vicar probeer om die tithe-hay en sekere gronde wat deur die impropriator gehou is, weer deel van die pastorie te maak, deur die
saak voor die Commissioners appointed to
divide spiritualities from temporalities te bring, waarin dit genoem word
dat:
Mr. Wortley, farmer of her majesty's rectory of Kirkburton, claimeth the tithe come and hay within the same, and a certain close called the Long Close, as parcel of the same. The Rev. William Smith, Vicar, demandeth the said tithe-hay, &c. Whereupon the said vicar came before Mr. Baron Savile and others, being commissioners, concerning things given "ad pios usus," and now wrongfully detained or employed, and there sheweth forth certain Easter-books to prove that tithe-hay was due onto him. And also the ordination of the vicarage, whereby the tithe-hay was given onto him, and further witnesses to depose that the said tithe-hay was part of the said vicarage, and was paid to the said vicar for the time being, unto the 20th year of the queen's reign (1578). And likewise that the said Long Close is parcel of the said glebe of the vicarage.
Wortley was afwesig en het geen verdediging daar gehad nie. Die jury het na aanleiding van die bewyse, bevind dat die genoemde tithe-hay en Close verkeerdelik deur Mnr Wortley vanaf die vicar verkry is, and upon return of the verdict unto the chancellor under pain of £500 was awarded to give possession of the said tithe-hay and close unto the vicar. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI)
Mr. Wortley, farmer of her majesty's rectory of Kirkburton, claimeth the tithe come and hay within the same, and a certain close called the Long Close, as parcel of the same. The Rev. William Smith, Vicar, demandeth the said tithe-hay, &c. Whereupon the said vicar came before Mr. Baron Savile and others, being commissioners, concerning things given "ad pios usus," and now wrongfully detained or employed, and there sheweth forth certain Easter-books to prove that tithe-hay was due onto him. And also the ordination of the vicarage, whereby the tithe-hay was given onto him, and further witnesses to depose that the said tithe-hay was part of the said vicarage, and was paid to the said vicar for the time being, unto the 20th year of the queen's reign (1578). And likewise that the said Long Close is parcel of the said glebe of the vicarage.
Wortley was afwesig en het geen verdediging daar gehad nie. Die jury het na aanleiding van die bewyse, bevind dat die genoemde tithe-hay en Close verkeerdelik deur Mnr Wortley vanaf die vicar verkry is, and upon return of the verdict unto the chancellor under pain of £500 was awarded to give possession of the said tithe-hay and close unto the vicar. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI)
Die saak is weer aangehoor, toe Wortley die titelakte van die tithe-hay
voorgelê het, as bewys dat die hay
deur ‘n huurooreenkoms aan hom toegeken is.
Hy het verder uitgewys dat beide sy pa, sowel as hyself en ander voor
hulle, as boere van haar majesteit, in besit daarvan was en dat dit nooit aan
die vicar behoort het nie. Dat die beamptes van die College of St
Stephens, in Westminster, waartoe die betrokke Rectorie impropriated (transfer of an estate by will or lease) was, jaarliks
vanaf die tyd van koning Edward III. tot die tyd van koning Henry VI, die tithe-hay, saam met die come in right van die genoemde College
verkoop het. Ten opsigte van Long Close,
dat die close nog altyd in besit van Wortley, sy vader en ander boere voor
hulle was en nooit in die besit van die vicar nie. Dat daar slegs twee omheinde stukke grond is
wat aan die parsonage behoort en dat
die vorige vicar Otha Hunt die gronde en tithe-hay by ene Smith, wat toe die boer van die gemeente was, gekry het. Die
klagte was dus afgewys. (Morehouse, Henry James: The history and topography of the parish of
Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the county of York. Huddersfield
MDCCLXI)
Sir Richard se seun Francis, wat later die eerste baronet sou raak, word kortliks hier genoem, deels vir sy verbintenis met hierdie gemeente, en deels omdat hy 'n aktiewe magistrate of the West-Riding in 'n baie moeilike tydperk was. Met betrekking tot die rectorial tithes, or modus het Sir Francis Wortley en sy pa 'n goeie verstandhouding met die gemeentelede van Kirkburton gehad, en dit is baie anders as die ingesteldheid wat hulle teenoor die grondeienaars van die gemeente van Penistone geopenbaar het, wat dit nodig gevind om " bind themselves to mutual support against attempts which were made by
them to exact tithes in kind a
proceeding in that parish which rendered them exceedingly unpopular. Perhaps
the attempt made by Mr. Smith, the vicar of Kirkburton, to recover tithe-hay,
might impel the impropriator and the parishioners to make common cause. (Morehouse,
Henry James: The history and topography
of the parish of Kirkburton and of the graveship of Holme, Holmfirth in the
county of York. Huddersfield MDCCLXI)
Voor IHSO het die Wortleys se belange geëindig. Die tithes was hierna deur die kroon aan die Duke of Lennox toegeken. (Yorkshire diaries. http://archive.org/stream/yorkshirediarie 01marggoog/yorkshirediarie01marggoog_djvu.txt)
Voor IHSO het die Wortleys se belange geëindig. Die tithes was hierna deur die kroon aan die Duke of Lennox toegeken. (Yorkshire diaries. http://archive.org/stream/yorkshirediarie 01marggoog/yorkshirediarie01marggoog_djvu.txt)
