i.1. Sir Nicholas, geb. 1318, Wortley, oorl. 1360, begr. St Helen Churchyard, Hemsworth, Metropolitan Borough of Wakefield,
West Yorkshire, England x 1338 met Lady Elizabeth de WANNERVILLE (de Wennerville),
geb. 1320, Hemsworth, Yorkshire, Engeland, oorl. 1382, begr. St Helen Churchyard, Hemsworth, Metropolitan Borough of Wakefield,
West Yorkshire, England d.v. Sir Adam de Wannerville, Lord
of Hemsworth, en Alice NN.
Nicholas was die seun van Nicholas Wortley en Lucy Greystoke.
(Foster, Joseph: Pedigrees of the
County Families of Yorkshire, Vol. 2, West Riding. London. 1874)
Die Black Death het Engeland in
1348 gedurende die regeringstyd van koning Edward III (1327-1377) bereik.
Dit het ongeveer die helfde van die Engelse bevolking uitgewus voor dit
afgeneem het in 1349. Die Black Death het die
veldtogte van die Honderjarige oorlog tot stilstand gebring en het ‘n groot impak op die samelewing gehad. Landbougrond het onbewerk gebly, omdat die
mans wat dit gewoonlik gedoen het, slagoffers van hierdie siekte was. Oeste kon nie afgehaal word nie, omdat die
mannekrag uitgewis is. Diere sou
weggeraak het as die mense van die dorpe nie na hulle omgesien het nie. Dorpe het hongersnood in die gesig
gestaar. Daar was voedseltekorte, omdat
die gronde rondom die dorpe nou nie meer genoeg kos vir die aanvraag kon
voorsien nie. Die lords wat hulle werkers aan die siekte verloor het, het met skape
begin boer, omdat dit minder arbeid vereis het.
Graanproduksie het minder gewild geraak, wat ‘n tekort aan brood in
dorpe en stede beteken het. Dit het
veroorsaak dat kos se pryse gestyg het en dat arm mense al meer moes
ontbeer. In sekere dele van Engeland het
die pryse vier maal verdubbel. (History
learning site: Black death) Aan die begin van die 14de eeu was die feodale stelsel van Engeland aan
die afneem. Die Black death kan gesien word as die einde van feodalisme. Hierna was die verhouding tussen die lord en die vassal, meer ‘n verhouding van eienaar en huurder.
De
Wannerville. At the
time of the Domesday Survey, Kinsley (like Hemsworth) was reckoned in the
Wapentake of Staincross. The two manors
were then in the hands of Gamel; but at
his death they reverted to the lord of the fee who subinfeuded the united
manors to Wm. de Wenreville, and they were afterwards always held
together. The founder of the house was
Wm. De Wenreville or Wannerville, who was early on the ground with Ilbert de
Lascy and his son Robert. His estate was
never large; indeed it does not appear
that he had then acquired any at all. Daar
was ten minste 5 Adam de Wannerville’s. The name is
next on record as that of the owner of Hemsworth, and Adam, possibly William’s
son, or grandson, appears testing Pontefract Charters in the second half of the
12th century, or early in the next. In
1166 he was reported by Henry de Lascy as then holding of him a knight’s fee
and in the same year on the Pipe Roll (as Adam de Winerville). (The
Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical journal Vol. XI. London. MDCCCXCI) Adam de Wannerville IV, a knight, died in 1324,
holding, besides the manor of Hemsworth for a knight’s fee and a messauge and 2
carucates in Easington, a messuage and 2 carucates in Gargrave of the honour of
Skipton, his heir being Adam his son. In
1326 Adam V made a settlement by final concord of the manor and advowson of
Hemsworth, by which two-thirds of the manor and the reversion of the remaining
third held by Agnes widow of Sir Adam IV together with the advowson, were to be
held by Adam and Alice his wife, with remainders to John son of Sir Adam for
life and to Adam’s right heirs. It was
presumably he who presented for Hemsworth church in 1327, 1352 and 1357 and who
died in 1363/4 leaving two daughters Isabel and Elizabeth wives respectively of
Simon de Marton and Nicholas de Wortley, between whom a partition was made, the
advowson of Hemsworth becoming a joint possession. (Clay, Charles & Greenway, Diana E. eds.: Early Yorkshire Families P.102) The
line continued till the fourteenth century when it terminated in co-heiresses,
one of whom, Elizabeth, married Sir Nicholas de Wortley, Knt. He predeceased her, and at the Poll Tax of
1378, she was holding her moiety of the manor by hereditary right, and was
assessed as a knight’s widow. (The
Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical journal Vol. XI. London. MDCCCXCI) Azure,(blue)
three crescents Argent (drie silver mane) (Wannerville of Hemsworth). (Clay,
J.W. F.S.A. ed.: Dugdal’s visitation of
Yorkshire with additions Vol. III. 1917) The
Wennerville arms, 3 crescents, occur on a seal in 1362 ({idsau Deeds. Mp/
226)’ they were impaled by John de
Wortley in 1413 (Yorks. Deeds, vi, no 345;)
possibly the seal of his father Nicholas. (Clay, Charles & Greenway, Diana E.
eds.: Early Yorkshire Families)
Hemsworth lê in die suidelike
deel van die West Riding, Yorkshire. Hierdie landbougebied is bekend as
die Broad Acres van Yorkshire. Dit is naby die voet
van die Pennine Range en die klein woud in die distrik
verteenwoordig nou wat oorgebly het van die noordelike deel van die Sherwood Forest (tuiste van die legendariese
Robyn Hood). Hemsworth was ' n Romeinse nedersetting in Anglo Saksiese
Tye.
Vanaf die vroegste tye was daar
priesters van die gemeente Hemsworth, maar dit was nie tot die 12de eeu wat
hulle name bekend is nie. Die eerste drie was vermoedelik lede van
die Wannerville familie. Die aanstelling van die rektor was in die hande
van familielede van diegene wat in besit van grond was of ander bande met die
gemeente gehad het. Sulke families was die de Wannervilles, de Lacys, de
Wortleys, Martons en Gargraves. (A brief history of the monuments
and memorials in the parish church of st Helen, Hemsworth. http://www.parishofhemsworth.org.uk/ABriefHistoryoftheMonumentsandMemorials.pdf
) Rectors of Hemsworth:
1410 - James Wortley; 1520 - Richard Wortleye.
Die chancel is in die 14de eeu gebou, met die Lady Chapel wat aan die Suidekant opgerig
is. (Parish of St. Helen Hemsworth Yorkshire: history) The patronage of the Church in
medieval times was in the hands of the De Wannerville family who probably built
the chantry chapel (The Lady Chapel) in the 14th century. (A brief
history of the monuments and memorials in the parish church of st Helen,
Hemsworth.
http://www.parishofhemsworth.org.uk/ABriefHistoryoftheMonumentsandMemorials.pdf)
Lady Chapel (http://www.parishofhemsworth.org.uk/ABriefHistoryoftheMonumentsandMemorials.pdf)
Chantries were
established to perform services for the souls of their founders and other
faithful dead, including annual obits and anniversaries at which alms were
usually distributed. The chantries could be at an existing altar in a parish
church, a new altar in a side chapel of an existing church, in a new chapel in
the churchyard or some miles from an existing church: few were founded before
1300, and most date from 1450 to 1500. Hospitals were places
provided by similar foundations to receive the poor and weak; there were also
religious guilds, brotherhoods and fraternities, and colleges (like large
chantries at which three or more secular priests lived in common). (theoriginalrecord.com)
Die einde van die feudale mag het
die shires sonder de jure (wettige) administrasie gelaat. The legal system and sheriffs
remained for each county, and what local administration was required was
undoubtedly provided by individual parishes or by the local landowners.
(Wikipedia)
1330. Rockingham.
Aug. 5. Commission of
oyer and terminer to John de Neyvill, John de Eland, Nicholas de Wortelay and
Thomas Dayvill touching the murder of Godfrey de Staynton, at Acworth, and of
Francis Tyes, at Lede, co. York. By K.
(http://www.mocavo.com/Calendar-of-the-Patent-Rolls-Preserved-in-the-Public-Record-Office-2/611821/589?) Rockingham Castle is a former royal
castle and hunting lodge in Rockingham Forest, Northamptonshire.
1331
(Walker,
John William, (Ed.): Abstracts of the
Chartularies of the Priory of Monkbretton)
T1345 A: Yorkshire. Commission to
William Scot, William Basset, Nicholas de Wortelay, William de Estfeld, John de
Went, and John de Wynteworth dated November 29, 1344 to inquire concerning
those who are undermining in Yorkshire the jurisdiction and judgments in king's
court by resorting to ecclesiastical processes and obtaining papal bulls etc. (Prohibition/Premunire
1344-1345)
1351. May 20. Westminster.
Commission of the peace to William Basset, Hugh de Berwyk, Adam de Everyngham
of Rokley, Nicholas de Wortley, William de Notton, William de Fyncheden, the
younger, Robert de Staynton, William de Mirfeld and John de Northland, in the
West Riding, as above, but including sedition.
Die wet van Arbeiders 1349-1351
het probeer om loonpryse vas te stel en die mobiliteit van boere te
beperk. Dit het beide arm kleinboere/arbeiders, sowel as ryk boere (as
werkgewers van arbeiders) geraak. Die vermindering in die bevolking ná
die plague het beteken dat daar ‘n arbeidstekort
was en dat kleinboere groter bedingingsmag met hul grondeienaars gehad
het. Baie herehuise is met ‘n tekort aan werkers gelaat. Om diegene wat
oorleef het aan te moedig om op hul manor te bly, het baie lords vryheid aan die
boere op hulle landgoedere gegee en hulle betaal om op hul grond te werk. In the period after the Black
Death, landlords were gradually beginning to lease some of their demesne lands
and, where possible, areas of commons in an attempt to maintain their estate
incomes. (Conisbrough Court
Rolls http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/conisbrough/find/specimen_1380-81.html)
Manumission is when the lord
makes a deed to his villain to infranchise him by this word (manumittere),
which is the same as to put him out of the hands and power of another.
And for that, that by such deed the villain is put out of the hands and out of
the power of his lord, it is called manumission.
(Thomas, J.H. Esq.: A Systematic arrangement of Lord Cok’s firs enstitute
of the laws of England. Vol. I. London. 1818) Lord
Wharncliffe besit ‘n 'n tekening van Sir Nicholas de Wortley, wat in 1360
gesterf het, omring deur sy huurders, wat blykbaar met groot tevredenheid, 'n
handves van bevryding enfranchisement
uit sy hande ontvang het. (The
diary of Abraham de la Pryme, the Yorkshire antiquary.
http://archive.org/stream/diaryofabrahamde00delarich/diaryofabrahamde00delarich_djvu.txt)
14 Sept 1358. Grant by Edm. de Pereponnt knt. to John Chambrelayne, rector
of Handeaworth (Handsworth) Church, Wm. de Wytherlay, rector of Treton Church,
and Ric de Ughtybrygg (Oughtibridge?) of lands in Treton, Orgrave (Orgreave),
and Wodehous (Woodhouse) recovered at Westm. against Sir Thos. da Furnvyall knt. Witnesses: Nic. de Wortelay, Wm. de Melton,
Thos. de Reresby, knts. Wm. de Fynchsden, Nic. Gower, Peter de Richemont, Thos.
de Ingleby, Hugh de Marum, Elias de Birton. York Castle, Friday the Exaltation
of the Cross. 32 Edw. iii. (Ancient deeds treetonweb. http://www.treetonweb.co.uk/history/1398.htm)
22 Mei 1359. Release and
quitclaim by Nicholas de Wortelay, knight, to Thomas de Cotingham of
Monkbretton and his heirs or assigns, of all right and claim in all those
tenements, with the appurtenances, in Oxspring, which he (Thomas) had by the
grant of Robet de Hesilheved or in any rent issuing thertherefrom. Dated at
Oxspring, Wednesday, 22 May, 1359. (Abstracts of the Chartularies of
the Priory of Monkbretton edited by John William Walker)
‘n Paar generasies van die
Wortley familie het op Hemsworth gewoon en is daar begrawe (Gatty, Alfred,
rev., D.D. vicar of Ecclesfield, and sub, dean of York: Wortley
& the Wortleys - a lecture delivered before the Sheffield literary and
philosophical society also the Rotherham literary and scientific society, 1877,
Sheffield). Nicholas sterf in 1360. The
Lady Chapel) contains a very ancient tomb stone – set in the floor, to the
right of the altar, it is now very fragile, worn and difficult to read, but is
a hidden gem of the Church. Latest research dates it as late 14th or 15th Century. It is probably the
tomb of Nicholas Wortley and his wife Elizabeth De Wannerville – both born
about 1318. (A brief history of the monuments and memorials in the
parish church of st Helen, Hemsworth. http://www.parishofhemsworth.org.uk/ABriefHistoryoftheMonumentsandMemorials.pdf
)
1365, Nov. 15.-John Sayvill was
one of a commission of oyer and terminer, touching all conspiracies,
confederacies, collusions, and false alliances in Yorkshire and on
Westminster. Feb. 10, 1364-5, on another commission to inquire as to the
complaint of Elizabeth widow of Sir Nicholas de Wortelay.
(http://soc.genealogy.medieval.narkive.com/ZBo9fy6Y/early-saville-family-linked-to-butler-of-skelbrook)
On 10th February 1365, a John de Damport sergeant of the peace of the hundred
of Macclesfield, and over 45 other Cheshire men, were accused, in a commission
of oyer and terminer, on a complaint by Elizabeth widow of Nicholas de
Wortelay, Knight, of having come by night to Wortelay, Yorkshire, to ravish her
and inflict other evil on her broke her gates, doors windows chests;
threatened her so that she fled through a window and hid for a night in a
thicket, so that for fright and the cold her life was despaired of; they
broke the seals of her deeds and writings, tore some in pieces, carried away
goods, assaulted her men and servants, and so threatened her and them that she
dared not return to her lands, and her servants dare not serve her.
(Highet, T.P.: The early history of the Davenports of
Davenport. Cheshire. 1960. P.21)
1365. June 9, 39 Edward III. Indenture between
Elizabeth, late wife of Sir Nicholas de Wortelay and John Sayvill of Eland, by
which the former granted to the latter, his heirs and executors, the custody of
the lands and tenements which she had of the grant of Simon Simeon, and which Simon
had had of the grant of Sir John, duke of Lancaster, in Shitlyngton and Flocton
by reason of the nonage of John, son and heir of the said Sir Nicholas,
likewise with the marriage of the said John; to hold until John be
married and of full age; and should he die unmarried and under age in
like manner from heir to heir, until an heir be married and of full age;
and should he or any heir be married and die under age to hold until an heir be
of full age, saving to Simon Simeon the marriage of the heir after on heir
should have been married. (Clay, Charles Travis ed.: Yorkshire
Deeds., Volume 5 P. 134) John
of Gaunt, as lord of the honour of Pontefract, sold to Simon Simeon the custody
and marriage for 80 marks on Nov. 12, 37 Edward III. Simon Simeon had a
connection with Wath-upon-Dearne.
Die meeste testamente uit hierdie
tyd was in Latyn, maar daar was tog sommiges in Engels. Testamente handel
oor vaste eiendom en persoonlike besittings. Voor die hervorming het hulle
gewoonlik begin met weldade aan kerke, chantries, chapels ens. and
with provisions for the burning of candles ('lights') and saying of
masses. (theoriginalrecord.com)
20 Oktober 1382 - In Dei nomine. Amen. Ego
Elizabetha, relicta Nicholai de Wortelay militis, xx die mensis Octobris Anno
Domini MCCCLXXXII, condo testamentum meum in hunc modum. In primis lego animam
meani Deo, et corpus meum ad sepelien- dum in ecclesia de Hymeswrth ; et volo
quod executores mei satisfaciant rectori ecclesije predictee de omnibus quae de
jure vel consuetudine ad ecclesiam suam predictam per mortem meam pertinent. Et
volo quod sint duodecim pauperes induti timicis et capuciis albis portantes
duodecim cereos, et stantes circa cor-pus meum dummodo divina celebrantur die
sepulturee meae, et quod, sepulto corpore meo, fiat distribucio de predictis
cereis altaribus predictae ecclesiae et alibi, secundum disposicionem
executorum meorum. Et quod convocacio vicinorum fiat secun- dum disposicionem
eorumdem. Et lego cuilibet capellano jam celebranti in ecclesia predicta vj^
viij*^., et cuilibet altari in eccle- sia predicta vj^ viij'^. Et volo quod
executores mei inveniant unum capellanum divina celebraturum pro anima mea per
unum annum. Item lego dominae Agneti sorori meae xx^., Ricardo Pek xx^, Johanni
Dey xiij^ iiij''., Galfrido Barcario \'f. viij*^.,et cuilibet aliorum
serviencium meorum xviij*^. Item lego cuilibet ordini Fratrum in Pontefract et
Doncastre et Tykill vj^ viij*^. Item lego novae fabricae ecclesiae beati Petri
Ebor. iiij^.,Johanni de Flynthyll j quarterium frumenti et j quarter' brasei.
Et volo quod omnia per me debita plene solvantur, et quodomnia prescripta
capiantur et compleantur in forma predicta de Kxx'. sterling, in quibus Johanna
filia mea michi tenetur. Et ad haec omnia implenda ordino executores meos
Johannam filiam meam et Willielmum de Wortelay ; et quicquid reman- serit de
predictis xxx'., vel de aliis quibuscumque rebus meis, do €t lego predictae
Johannae ad opus suum retinendum. Datum apud Hymesvi'rth die et anno
supradictis. (Testamenta eboracensia; or, Wills registered at York,
illustrative of the history, manners, language, statistics, &c., of the
province of York, from the year 1300 downwards)
(Testamenta Eboracensia
or wills registered at Yort from the year MCCC. Downwards. Part 1.
London. P.123-124)
Dodworth's
Yorkshire Notes - The Wapentake of Agbrigg (1884)
Kinders:
j.1. Sir Nicholas, geb. c. 1338 x met Katherine LIZOURS, geb. 1340, Fledborough, Nottingham, Engeland, d.v. John Lizours.
j.2. John, geb. c. 1340 x NN van Tankersley;
j.3. Henry, geb. c. 1342 x NN SUTTON of Averham, co Notts;
j.4. Margaret, geb. c. 1344 x Thomas BOWLING of Bowling Esq;
j.5. Jane, geb. c. 1346 x Richard PLUMLEY, Esq of Plumley co. Derby;
